Figure 2.

Schematic overview of the SnRK1-TOR-SnRK2 cascade in mediating the crosstalk between ABA with trehalose during bud dormancy release. SnRK1 signaling keeps and switches energy used for rapid growth and development toward enhanced stress tolerance and survival with low energy. SnRK1 can be functional by repressing plant growth and the activity of TOR kinase. In addition, SnRK1 signaling cross-talks with and actives ABA signaling together with SnRK2. SnRK2 represses TOR signaling by direct phosphorylation, leading to TOR complex dissociation. In favor conditions, TOR kinase backwards represses SnRK2 signaling via phosphorylation of the PYR1-LIKE (PYL) and active PP2C. TOR1 promotes the transcription of genes involved in cell-cycle progression and translation of ribosomal protein mRNAs in plants. SnRK1 is repressed by high energy signals, such as trehalose-6-P (T6P). Note that this overview summarizes interactions reported in different species or environmental condition, which are not necessarily occurring simultaneously. Full lines and dashed lines specify established.