Figure 2.

Administration of anakinra reduced seizures induced by anti-NMDAR antibodies. Data are daily medians and 25-75% interquartile ranges (IQR). Solid and dotted horizontal lines indicate median values and IQRs, respectively *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01, ANOVA with Sidak multiple comparisons tests. (A) Daily seizure counts in anakinra-treated mice (n = 12) were reduced during the treatment (orange bar) and post-treatment periods (green bar) compared to the corresponding baseline (yellow bar). The seizure counts were unchanged in the vehicle treated mice (n = 8). (B) Delayed effect of anakinra on seizure duration. The duration of seizures was decreased in the washout phase following anakinra. (C) Effects of anakinra on seizure counts were apparent 24-48 h following the initiation of treatment. Each time point represents the mean and SEM at the completion of a 24-h of recording. (D) Representative 60-min EEG recording and the corresponding spectrogram showing clusters of electrographic seizures in the parietal cortex of mice during the continuous intracerebroventicular (i.c.v.) infusion of anti-NMDAR antibodies. The vertical axis of the spectrogram represents frequency from 0 to 70 Hz and the horizontal axis represents time in min. The trace of one seizure is expanded to demonstrate the characteristic pattern of high amplitude sharp rhythmic activity.