Figure 2.

RDN reversed the altered composition structure of gut microbial communities caused by heart failure: (a) PCoA based on the unweighted Unifrac distance, (b) principal component analysis (PCA), and (c) nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis (stress = 0.111) of bacterial population structure. Dots of different colors represent different samples from the control group (red), the HF group (blue), the RDN group (green), the Nog group (yellow), and the NEP group (purple). As presented in the figure, samples from the control group, the RDN group, the Nog group, and the NEP group clustered together and kept away from the HF group.