Table 3.
Paediatric characteristics at age 5 years, according to control and exposure groups
| Characteristic | Controls | ALCNIC | ALC only | NIC only | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | M (SD) | 95% CI | N | M (SD) | 95% CI | N | M (SD) | 95% CI | N | M (SD) | 95% CI | |
| Body weight in kg | 147 | * 18.7 (3.6) | 18.1–18.3 | 154 | 18.2 (2.7) | 17.7–18.6 | 33 | 17.8 (2.7) | 16.9–18.8 | 167 | * 17.7 (2.3) | 17.3–18.0 |
| Body length in cm | 147 | * 110.0 (5.2) | 10.9.2–110.9 | 154 | 109.0 (5.2) | 108.2–109.8 | 33 | 108.5 (4.6) | 106.9–110.1 | 167 | * 108.2 (4.5) | 107.5–108.9 |
| BMI in kg/m2 | 147 | 15.4 (2.1) | 15.0–15.7 | 154 | 15.2 (1.5) | 15.0–15.4 | 33 | 15.1 (1.7) | 14.5–15.7 | 167 | 15.1 (1.4) | 14.9–15.3 |
| Waist circumference in cm | 132 | 51.0 (5.2) | 51.0–52.8 | 150 | 51.4 (3.9) | 50.8–52.1 | 30 | 51.2 (3.7) | 49.8–52.6 | 158 | 50.7 (3.5) | 50.1–51.2 |
| Systolic blood pressure in mmHg | 146 | 106.5 (10.7) | 104.7–108.2 | 154 | 107.1 (10.0) | 105.6–108.7 | 33 | 105.8 (11.7) | 101.6–109.9 | 167 | 104.3 (9.3) | 102.8–105.7 |
| Diastolic blood pressure in mmHg | 146 | 65.3 (9.1) | 63.8–66.7 | 154 | 65.7 (9.1) | 64.3–67.2 | 33 | 65.6 (11.4) | 61.6–69.7 | 167 | 63.9 (9.0) | 62.5–65.3 |
| Mean arterial pressure in mmHg | 146 | 78.8 (9.5) | 77.3–80.4 | 154 | 79.4 (9.3) | 78.0–80.9 | 33 | 79.3 (11.3) | 75.3–83.3 | 167 | 77.3 (9.3) | 75.9–78.7 |
| Heart rate in beats per minute | 146 | 91.7 (12.4) | 89.7–93.8 | 154 | 92.5 (14.4) | 90.2–94.8 | 33 | 91.8 (8.7) | 88.7–94.9 | 167 | 91.4 (13.3) | 89.3–93.4 |
| LT K length in mm | 146 | * 74.2 (6.1) | 73.2–75.2 | 153 | 72.7 (5.8) | 71.7–73.6 | 33 | 72.9 (4.9) | 71.2–74.7 | 165 | * 72.6 (5.6) | 71.8–73.5 |
| LT K width in mm | 146 | 35.0 (3.8) | 34.4–35.7 | 153 | 35.4 (3.8) | 34.8–36.0 | 33 | 35.1 (3.7) | 33.8–36.5 | 165 | 34.5 (3.6) | 33.9–35.0 |
| LT K height in mm | 146 | 35.5 (3.7) | 34.9–36.1 | 153 | 35.4 (3.8) | 34.8–36.0 | 33 | 35.5 (3.6) | 34.2–36.8 | 165 | 35.1 (3.7) | 34.6–35.7 |
| LT K volume in mm3 | 146 | 48697.1 (10102.6) | 47044.6–50349.6 | 153 | 48116.3 (10731.5) | 46402.2–49830.4 | 33 | 47954.8 (9824.4) | 44471.2–51438.4 | 165 | 46493.7 (10449.0) | 44887.5–48099.9 |
| RT K length in mm | 146 | * 73.3 (5.9) | 72.4–74.3 | 153 | 72.0 (5.6) | 71.1–72.9 | 33 | 73.2 (4.6) | 71.5–74.8 | 165 | * 71.5 (5.7) | 70.6–72.4 |
| RT K width in mm | 146 | 32.1 (3.4) | 31.6–32.7 | 153 | 33.1 (3.7) | 32.5–33.7 | 33 | 31.5 (2.2) | 30.8–32.3 | 165 | 32.3 (3.2) | 31.8–32.8 |
| RT K height in mm | 146 | 38.4 (3.9) | 37.7–39.0 | 153 | 38.7 (4.4) | 37.9–39.4 | 33 | 38.0 (3.4) | 36.8–39.2 | 165 | 37.8 (4.1) | 37.1–38.4 |
| RT K volume in mm3 | 146 | 47629.7 (9546.0) | 46068.3–49191.2 | 153 | 48829.3 (11451.9) | 47000.1–50658.5 | 33 | 46099.3 (6980.8) | 43624.0–48574.6 | 165 | 46127.6 (10132.7) | 44570.0–47685.2 |
| Pancreas head in mm | 141 | 18.3 (2.6) | 17.8–18.7 | 151 | 17.8 (2.5) | 17.4–18.3 | 33 | 18.4 (2.8) | 17.5–19.4 | 164 | 17.6 (2.5) | 17.2–18.0 |
| Pancreas body in mm | 141 | * 7.2 (1.6) | 6.9–7.4 | 151 | 7.0 (1.6) | 6.8–7.3 | 33 | 7.2 (1.7) | 6.6–7.8 | 164 | * 6.7 (1.5) | 6.5–6.9 |
| Pancreas tail in mm | 141 | 12.8 (2.2) | 12.5–13.2 | 151 | 13.0 (2.1) | 12.7–13.3 | 33 | 13.3 (3.0) | 12.3–14.4 | 164 | 12.7 (2.2) | 12.3–13.0 |
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; LT, left; RT, right; K, kidney; Min, minimum value; Max, maximum value; N, number of participants; M, mean value; SD, standard deviation.
The values in bold represent and highlight the significant differences between the different groups.
*
significance at p-value <0.05. Data is expressed as mean (SD), minimum and maximum values.