Table 2.
Gene-special primers used in the quantitative real-time PCR.
| Gene | Primer sequence (5′→3′) |
|---|---|
| GAPDH | Forward: GTGAACGGGTGAGTTAGGGG |
| Reverse: CGATGCGGCCAAATCTTGAG | |
| Beclin1 | Forward: GCAGGTGAGCTTCGTGTGTCAG |
| Reverse: CCTGGGCTGTGGCAAGTAATGG | |
| LC3-1 | Forward: CCAGTCCTGGACAAGACCAAGTTC |
| Reverse: GGTTCACCAGCAGGAAGAAGGC | |
| LC3-2 | Forward: TTCCTGGTGCCTGATCATGTCAAC |
| Reverse: ACTCACCATGCTATGTCCGTTCAC | |
| ATG5 | Forward: AGAAACCTAGAGAGGGCCACA |
| Reverse: TCTTCCTAGTCAAACAACGTCA | |
| ATG12 | Forward: CAACTGCTGCTGAGGGCGATG |
| Reverse: CACCGGCAGGTTCTTCTGTTCC | |
| ATG16 | Forward: TCGCAGAAGCAGCAAAGGAACC |
| Reverse: TGATGGCTCGCACGGGAGAG | |
| mTOR | Forward: GCACGTCAGCACCATCAACCTC |
| Reverse: GCCTCAGCCATTCCAACCAGTC | |
| DIO1 | Forward: GCTGAAGGTCCGATGGCAACG |
| Reverse: AGATGTGGCACCTCTGTCCTGAC | |
| DIO2 | Forward: TGGTGGAGGAGTTCTCATCAGTGG |
| Reverse: GCACATCGGTCTTCCTGGTTCTG | |
| DIO3 | Forward: CAACAGTGATGGCGACGAGGTG |
| Reverse: CGAGGATGTGCTGGTTCTGGAAG | |
| TXNRD1 | Forward: GCTCAAGTGCGGACTGACCAAG |
| Reverse: AGCAACCGGCCTGGAGGATG | |
| TXNRD2 | Forward: ACGGTCTTCACGCCACTGGAG |
| Reverse: CGCATCTCGTTCAGGCACTGTG | |
| TXNRD3 | Forward: ATGTCACTCAGAAGGGCTGC |
| Reverse: TCCAGGGACGATGGATGAGT | |
| GPX1 | Forward: GCGTCGCTCTGAGGCACAAC |
| Reverse: GGTCGGACGTACTTGAGGCAATTC | |
| GPX2 | Forward: CTCGCTCTGAGGCACAACCAC |
| Reverse: GCGGACGTACTTGAGGCTGTTC | |
| GPX3 | Forward: AGAACGCCTGTCCTCCTACTTCG |
| Reverse: GTTGATGGTGGTGCGGTGGTAC | |
| GPX4 | Forward: GCCTGTTCCGCCTGCTGAAG |
| Reverse: GGTGACGATGCACACGTAGCC | |
| GPX7 | Forward: GGCAAGTTGGTGTCGCTGGAG |
| Reverse: GCGGTAGTGCTGGTCTGTGAAG | |
| SELT | Forward: CGATGCCTCGGCCAACATGG |
| Reverse: CTCTCCTTCAATGCGGATGTCTGG | |
| SELS | Forward: GGCTGGTACATCGTCTTCTGCTG |
| Reverse: TCCAGGTGCCTCTGCCTCAAG | |
| SELM | Forward: GCTCGGCTTCTATCGCAAGGC |
| Reverse: TACAGGTCAGCGCGGTCAGG | |
| SELO | Forward: GCCGACTTCACCAACACCTTCTAC |
| Reverse: AGCCAGGAACTCAGCCAGGTC | |
| SELH | Forward: GCTTCGAGGTGACGCTGATGC |
| Reverse: CAGCTCCTCCACCACCTCTTGAG | |
| SELI | Forward: TTCAGCACCAGGTCACAAGCATG |
| Reverse: TCCACACCATCCAGAGTGTAGGC | |
| SELK | Forward: GCGTTGGACAGCAGGAGTCAG |
| Reverse: GGAATCAGATGAGCCTCCATAGCC | |
| SELW | Forward: GCCGTTCGAGTCGTCTATTGTGG |
| Reverse: GGAGTGAACCAACTTCCTGCTACC | |
| SELP | Forward: CATCACCATCGCCATCACCATCAC |
| Reverse: GGCTGCTCAGGAGCGTCTGG | |
| SEPX1 | Forward: ACCGAGACCATCCACGCTGAC |
| Reverse: GTTGCCACATCTGCCACAGGAC | |
| SPS2 | Forward: CTCCTCAGCGTCAGCCAGAATATG |
| Reverse: CCACTCCGCCGATGATAATCCAAG | |
| AMPK | Forward: CACCAGGACCCTTTGGCAGTTG |
| Reverse: TCTTTCAGGATGGGGCCGAGTC | |
| CAMKK | Forward: GAGTCGCACCATGTCTCCATCAC |
| Reverse: GCCAACTTGACCACGCCATAGG | |
| Calpain | Forward: AACACAAAGACCTGCGGACCAAG |
| Reverse: CCAGCTTCCCGTTGCCATCAC | |
| SERCA | Forward: CCTTACCAGTCATCGGGCTC |
| Reverse: GACACGGTTCAAAGAGGTGGA |
GAPDH = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; LC3-1 = microtubule-associated proteins 1A; LC3-2 = microtubule-associated proteins 1B; ATG = autophagy-related protein; mTOR = mammalian target of rapamycin; DIO = deiodinase; TXNRD = thioredoxin reductase; GPX = glutathione peroxidase; SELT = selenoprotein T; SELS = selenoprotein S; SELM = selenoprotein M; SELO = selenoprotein O; SELH = selenoprotein H; SELI = selenoprotein I; SELK = selenoprotein K; SELW = selenoprotein W; SELP = selenoprotein P; SEPX1 = recombinant selenoprotein X1; SPS2 = selenophosphohate synthase 2; AMPK = adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase; CAMKK = calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; SERCA = sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase.