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. 2021 Oct 22;11:20946. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00450-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Analysis of cell spreading dynamics (aspect ratio dynamics). Living macrophages were imaged by time-lapse microscopy, and spreading was determined at multiple time points. (a) Drawing of cell spreading dynamics (0, initial cellular size; R, cellular body retraction; E, cellular body spreading); (b) average data for cell spreading dynamics (negative numbers are cellular retraction and positive numbers are cellular spreading; n = 31 BMDMs); (c) average data for velocity of cell spreading dynamics; (d), left: images of living BMDMs (sum of slices projection for xyt), right: kymographs showing filopodia abrupt retraction form selected ROIs (regions of interest, are indicated in while lines) in BMDMs; (e) percentage of BMDMs showing the abrupt retraction of filopodia; (f) average velocity of abrupt retraction of filopodia; g, confocal images of living Raw 264.7 transfected macrophages (28 Control vector and 29 TBC1D10C cells; sum of slices projection for xyzt) related to data for cell spreading dynamics and corresponding velocity in (h)and (i), respectively. Data were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney test (P < 0.05), and graphs show SEM.