Table 3.
Characteristics of older participants according to quartiles of the three dietary patterns *.
| Balanced Pattern | Western Pattern | Thrifty Pattern | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q4 | p § | Q1 | Q4 | p § | Q1 | Q4 | p § | |
| Age (years) | 67.9 (6.1) | 66.5(5.4) | <0.001 | 66.0 (4.9) | 68.1 (6.2) | <0.001 | 67.8 (6.1) | 66.4 (5.3) | <0.001 |
| Female (%) | 13.9 | 10.6 | <0.001 | 9.4 | 13.1 | <0.001 | 12.8 | 10.6 | <0.001 |
| Urban (%) | 7.3 | 14.4 | <0.001 | 8.4 | 13.9 | <0.001 | 13.0 | 8.0 | <0.001 |
| Han nationality (%) | 23.8 | 24.3 | 0.018 | 24.8 | 23.5 | <0.001 | 24.2 | 24.4 | 0.745 |
| Education level (high) ** (%) | 1.3 | 5.8 | 0.001 | 2.7 | 5.2 | <0.001 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 0.287 |
| Income (high) # (%) | 6.8 | 15.0 | 0.001 | 7.8 | 14.7 | <0.001 | 11.8 | 7.6 | <0.001 |
| Smoking (%) | 6.6 | 6.2 | 0.367 | 7.4 | 6.3 | 0.043 | 6.5 | 7.7 | 0.006 |
| Drinking (%) | 3.2 | 6.9 | <0.001 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 0.725 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 0.404 |
| Physical activity (%) | 17.8 | 20.5 | <0.001 | 19.2 | 20.4 | 0.016 | 19.0 | 20.6 | 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.6 (3.4) | 25.3 (3.3) | <0.001 | 24.7 (3.2) | 25.1 (3.4) | 0.005 | 24.9 (3.4) | 24.6 (3.4) | 0.017 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.8 (9.8) | 87.2 (9.5) | 0.001 | 86.2 (9.6) | 86.6 (9.7) | 0.251 | 86.6 (9.7) | 86.6 (9.8) | 0.731 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 146.7 (20.2) | 145 (19.4) | 0.220 | 145.6 (20) | 145.2 (20.7) | 0.616 | 145.7 (19.6) | 146.2 (20.8) | 0.724 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 80.4 (10.4) | 80.7 (10.6) | 0.341 | 81.5 (10.0) | 80.1 (10.5) | 0.002 | 80.4 (10.2) | 80.3 (10.7) | 0.917 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.84 (0.93) | 4.87 (0.87) | 0.260 | 4.81 (0.87) | 4.90 (0.91) | 0.007 | 4.94 (0.89) | 4.77 (0.88) | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.50 (0.82) | 1.45 (0.84) | 0.087 | 1.41 (0.81) | 1.48 (0.80) | 0.038 | 1.44 (0.83) | 1.49 (0.85) | 0.499 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.23 (0.29) | 1.29 (0.30) | <0.001 | 1.28 (0.30) | 1.26 (0.29) | 0.073 | 1.28 (0.29) | 1.25 (0.30) | 0.029 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.03 (0.83) | 3.07 (0.77) | 0.212 | 3.02 (0.77) | 3.09 (0.82) | 0.013 | 3.11 (0.81) | 2.99 (0.78) | 0.003 |
* values are the mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables; **: senior high school and above was considered as a high education level; #: yearly average income more than 10,000 yuan RMB was considered as a high income; §: trend from a linear regression analysis for continuous variables and Mantel-Haenszel chi-squared distribution for categorical variables.