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. 2021 Sep 26;11(10):2502. doi: 10.3390/nano11102502

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic of classical approaches to form LbL films: (1) dip-coating, (2) spray-coating, and (3) spin-coating; (4) schematic of the build-up of LbL films upon a negatively charged substrate. Blue: polycation, red: polyanion. Adapted from reference [21].