Figure 1.

Inhibitory activities of rutaecarpine (Rut) on platelet aggregation and the cytotoxic test in human platelets stimulated with various agonists. Washed human platelets (3.6 × 10⁸ cells/mL) were preincubated with a solvent control (0.1% DMSO) or Rut (1–100 μM) and subsequently treated with collagen (A; 1 μg/mL), thrombin (B; 0.02 U/mL), U46619 (C; 1 μM), or arachidonic acid (AA) (D; 60 μM) to stimulate platelet aggregation. (E) Concentration–response histograms of Rut representing its inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation stimulated by various agonists (%). (F) To evaluate cytotoxicity, platelets were pretreated with solvent control (0.1% DMSO) or Rut (2.5,5, 10, 50, and 100 µM) for 20 min, and 10 µL of the supernatant was dropped on a Fuji Dri-Chem slide LDH-PIII. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 compared with the 0.1% DMSO-treated group. Data (E,F) are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 4).