Table 2.
Latilactobacillus (L.) sakei, Lactiplantibacillus (L.) plantarum and Staphylococcus (S.) strains included in this study. Incidence, phenotypic AR and molecular identification of antibiotic-resistant genes.
| Meat Products | Species | N° of Isolated Strains | Phenotypic AR | Genotypic AR | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TET | ERY | tetM | tetK | tetW | tetS | tetL | ermA | ermB | ermC | |||
| Italian pork sausages |
L. sakei | 24 | 17 | 7 | 11 | - | - | - | - | 2 | 5 | - |
| L. plantarum | 12 | 11 | 6 | 5 | - | 4 | 1 | - | - | 3 | 1 | |
| S. xylosus | 22 | 21 | 5 | - | 18 | - | - | 3 | - | 1 | 2 | |
| S. equorum | 19 | 16 | 11 | - | 10 | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | 4 | |
| S. saprophyticus | 11 | 10 | 3 | - | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
| Argentinean pork sausages | L. sakei | 33 | 4 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| L. plantarum | 7 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| S. xylosus | 1 | 0 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| S. equorum | 2 | 1 | 2 | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | ||
| S. saprophyticus | 10 | 5 | 4 | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Argentinean llama sausages | L. sakei | 40 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| L. plantarum | 5 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| S. xylosus | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| S. equorum | 10 | 0 | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| S. saprophyticus | 7 | 4 | 2 | - | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| 205 | 90 | 44 | 17 | 45 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 11 | 7 | ||
| AR incidence % | 43.9 | 21.5 | 8.293 | 21.95 | 1.951 | 0.488 | 1.95 | 0.488 | 5.366 | 3.415 | ||