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. 2021 Oct 14;26(20):6197. doi: 10.3390/molecules26206197

Table 4.

Compounds isolated from plants against HIV.

S. No. Plant Name
(Part)		 Compound Virus Activity Ref.
1 Clausena anisum-olens
(Leaves and twigs)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i021.jpg HIV 40: EC50: 2.4 μg/mL
41: EC50: 3.7 μg/mL		 [69]
2 Manilkara zapota
(Fruit)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i022.jpg HIV EC50: 8.69 μM [70]
3 Manilkara zapota
(Fruit)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i023.jpg HIV 43: EC50: 0.33 μM
44: EC50: 0.42 μM		 [70]
4 Manilkara zapota
(Fruit)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i024.jpg HIV 45: EC50: 2.28 μM
46: EC50: 3.49 μM		 [70]
5 Manilkara zapota
(Fruit)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i025.jpg HIV EC50: 4.26 μM [70]
6 Manilkara zapota
(Fruit)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i026.jpg HIV EC50: 0.97 μM [70]
7 Manilkara zapota
(Fruit)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i027.jpg HIV EC50: 5.26 μM [70]
8 Manilkara zapota
(Fruit)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i028.jpg HIV EC50: 6.73 μM [70]
9 Manilkara zapota
(Fruit)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i029.jpg HIV EC50: 0.12 μM [70]
10 Euphorbia semiperfoliata
(Whole plant)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i030.jpg HIV-1 52: EC50: 0.013 μM
53: EC50: 0.054 μM		 [71]
11 Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i031.jpg HIV-1 54: IC50: 0.03 μM
55: IC50: 1.2 μM		 [72]
12 Marcetia taxifolia
(Aerial parts)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i032.jpg HIV-1 56: IC50: 4.1 μM
57: IC50: 0.4 μM		 [73]
13 Justicia gendarussa
(Stem and bark)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i033.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 15–21 nM [74]
14 Justicia gendarussa
(Root and stem)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i034.jpg HIV- 1 IC50: 26.9 nM [75]
15 Rheum palmatum L. and Rheum officinale Baill
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i035.jpg HIV IC50: 1.9 μM [76]
16 Rheum palmatum L. and Rheum officinale Baill
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i036.jpg HIV IC50: 2.1 μM [76]
17 Flueggea virosa
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i037.jpg HIV 62: EC50: 19.2 μM
63: EC50: 20.5 μM
64: EC50: 40.1 μM		 [77]
18 Flueggea virosa
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i038.jpg HIV 65: EC50: 51.8 μM
66: EC50: >100 μM
67: EC50: 87.8 μM
68: EC50: 7.1 μM		 [77]
19 Flueggea virosa
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i039.jpg HIV EC50: 58.0 μM [77]
20 Flueggea virosa
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i040.jpg HIV EC50: >100 μM [77]
21 Flueggea virosa
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i041.jpg HIV EC50: 53.9 μM [77]
22 Flueggea virosa
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i042.jpg HIV EC50: 48.6 μM [77]
23 Flueggea virosa
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i043.jpg HIV 73: EC50: 40.6 μM
74: EC50: >100 μM		 [77]
24 Flueggea virosa
(Roots)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i044.jpg HIV EC50: 69.4 μM [77]
25 Chloranthus japonicus
(Roots) 		graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i045.jpg HIV-1 76: EC50: 3.08 μM
77: EC50: 3.29 μM		 [78]
26 Chloranthus japonicus (Roots) graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i046.jpg HIV-1 EC50: 5.41 μM [78]
27 Kaempferia pulchra (Rhizomes) graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i047.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 1.56–6.25 μM [79]
28 Kaempferia pulchra (Rhizomes) graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i048.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 1.56–6.25 μM [79]
29 Kaempferia pulchra (Rhizomes) graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i049.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 1.56–6.25 μM [79]
30 Kaempferia pulchra (Rhizomes) graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i050.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 1.56–6.25 μM [79]
31 Kaempferia pulchra (Rhizomes) graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i051.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 1.56–6.25 μM [79]
32 Stillingia lineata
(Bark)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i052.jpg HIV-1 EC50: 0.271 μM [80]
HIV-2 EC50: 0.107 μM
33 Stillingia lineata
(Bark)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i053.jpg HIV-1 EC50: 0.233 μM [80]
HIV-2 EC50: 0.174 μM
34 St35illingia lineata
(Bark)		 graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i054.jpg HIV-1 EC50: 0.043 μM [80]
HIV-2 EC50: 0.018 μM
35 Moquiniastrm floribundum
(Leaves) 		graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i055.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 0.345 mM [81]
36 Moquiniastrm floribundum
(Leaves) 		graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i056.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 0.240 mM [81]
37 Moquiniastrm floribundum
(Leaves) 		graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i057.jpg HIV-1 91: IC50: 0.315 mM
92: IC50: 0.250 mM		 [81]
38 Moquiniastrm floribundum
(Leaves) 		graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i058.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 0.374 mM [81]
39 Moquiniastrm floribundum
(Leaves) 		graphic file with name molecules-26-06197-i059.jpg HIV-1 IC50: 0.489 mM [81]

Reference drugs: Zidovudine (EC50: 0.005 μg/mL, 0.02 μM); Prostratin (EC50: 0.226 μM); Efavirenz (IC50: 0.0007–0.002 μM); Nevaripine (IC50: 0.1–0.5 μM); Honokiol (IC50: 45.9 μM); Myricetin (0.2 mM); Foscarnet (0.001 mM).