Figure 4.

Compartment−specific metabolite alterations in Ndufs4 KO whole brain, identified by ¹H−NMR and LC−MS/MS. Histograms indicate mean differences with size and directionality, graphed as Cohen’s D values, while boxplots summarize the sample value distributions for each compound across the two genotypes and cell compartments analyzed. Statistical significance via Student’s t-test is indicated as (*) for p < 0.1 or (**) for p < 0.05. Abbreviations: Ala: alanine, C8-carn: octanoylcarnitine, Ca(2+): Ca(II)-EDTA, Gln: glutamine, Gly: glycine, Leu: leucine, Phe: phenylalanine, Pro: proline, Src: sarcosine, Val: valine.