| IC50 | 50% inhibitory concentration |
| SAR | structure activity relationship |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| SD | standard deviation |
| NMR | nuclear magnetic resonance |
| HRMS | high resolution mass |
| DMSO | dimethyl sulfoxide |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s media |
| FES | fetal bovine serum |
| HEPES | hydroxyethyl piperazine ethane sulfonic acid |