Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of our 12-month outcome and baseline characteristics for both the training and testing datasets.
| Demographics | Train Set Descriptive Statistics | Test Set Descriptive Statistics |
|---|---|---|
| Profession | ||
| Blue-collar job | 9 (9.9%) | 1 (8.3%) |
| White-collar job | 39 (42.8%) | 4 (33.3%) |
| Craftsman, shopkeeper, business | 5 (5.5%) | 2 (16.7%) |
| owner | ||
| Executive | 2 (2.2%) | 0 |
| Disability | 6 (6.6%) | 0 |
| Intermediate profession | 4 (4.4%) | 0 |
| Retired | 6 (6.6%) | 4 (33.3%) |
| Without professional activity | 14 (15.4%) | 1 (8.3%) |
| Other | ||
| 11 | 6 (6.6%) | 0 (0%) |
| Work stopage | ||
| Yes | 60 (65.9%) | Not available |
| No | 16 (17.6%) | Not available |
| Unemployed | 8 (8.8%) | Not available |
| Retired and other | 7 (7.7%) | Not available |
| Pain history and management | ||
| Number of spinal surgeries | ||
| 1 | 44 (48.4%) | 8 (66.7%) |
| 2 | 24 (26.4%) | 2 (16.7%) |
| 3 | 13 (14.3%) | 2 (16.7%) |
| 4 | 6 (6.6%) | 0 (0%) |
| 5 | 3 (3.3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Unknown | 1 (1.1%) | 0 (0%) |
| Type of spinal surgeries | ||
| Decompression | 69 (75.8%) | 8 (66.7%) |
| Fusion | 8 (8.8%) | 2 (16.7%) |
| Decompression AND fusion | 14 (15.4%) | 0 (0%) |
| Unknown | 0 (0%) | 2 (16.7%) |
| Pain management with kinesiotherapy | ||
| Yes | 57 (62.6%) | Not available |
| No | 34 (37.4%) | Not available |
| Pain management with osteopathy | ||
| Yes | 15 (16.5%) | Not available |
| No | 76 (83.5%) | Not available |
| Pain management at a center of functional | rehabilitation | |
| Yes | 11 (12.1%) | Not available |
| No | 80 (87.9%) | Not available |
| Pain management using infiltrations | ||
| Yes | 35 (38.5%) | Not available |
| No | 56 (61.5%) | Not available |
| Response variable | ||
| Good composite outcome | 45 (49.5%) | 6 (50.0%) |
| Bad composite outcome | 46 (50.5%) | 6 (50.0%) |
| Predictors at baseline | ||
| Age | 47.7 (9.5) | 49.5 (14.7) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 45 (49.5%) | 5 (41.7%) |
| Female | 46 (50.5%) | 7 (58.3%) |
| BMI | 27.4 (5.04) | 24.6 (3.9) |
| Pain duration | 12.2 (10.7) | 15.8 (15.1) |
| ODI | 50.5 (9.1) | 44.7 (12.8) |
| MADRS | 16.9 (10.4) | 11.3 (8.3) |
| EQ-5D | 0.38 (0.20) | 0.54 (0.19) |
| EQ-5D VAS | 45.8 (17.3) | 51.1 (20.0) |
| Leg VAS | 75.0 (11.3) | 72.9 (16.0) |
| Back VAS | 71.2 (15.1) | 67.6 (21.8) |
| TENS efficacy | ||
| Effective | 48 (52.7%) | 10 (83.3%) |
| Not effective | 43 (47.3%) | 2 (16.7%) |
| Hypoesthesia | ||
| Yes | 28 (30.8%) | 2 (16.7%) |
| No | 63 (69.2%) | 10 (83.3%) |
| Allodynia | ||
| Yes | 22 (24.2%) | 5 (41.7%) |
| No | 69 (75.8%) | 7 (58.3%) |
| Positional pain changes | ||
| Yes | 74 (81.3%) | 9 (75.0%) |
| No | 17 (18.7%) | 3 (25%) |
| MQS | 24.5 (14.7) | 5.6 (7.8) |
BMI: body mass index, ODI: Oswestry Disability Index, MADRS: Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale, EQ-5D: EuroQol-5 Dimensions, VAS: Visual Analogic Scale, TENS: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, MQS: Medication Quantification Scale.