Table 6.
Summary of sensor’s body location, gait parameters, and paper’s references. Single locations: sensors located at a single body position. Combination: sensors are located at two or more body positions, where: A = shins/shanks + thighs + lower back/trunk; B = shanks + pelvis/L5; C = thighs + shins + feet; D = shins + thighs + L5 + sternum; E = wrist + ankles + L5 + sternum.
| Single locations | Combinations | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter/Location | Feet Instep Heels | Chest Sternum | Trunk L3 L5 | Shins | A | B | C | D | E |
| General Parameters | |||||||||
| Cadence (steps/min) | [6] | [42] | [28] | ||||||
| Stride Length (m) | [6] | [15,38] | |||||||
| Step Time (s) | [26] | [29] | [42] | [15] | |||||
| Stride Time (s) | [26] | [29] | [37] | [15,38] | [33] | [28] | |||
| Gait Speed (m/s) | [6] | [24,37,42] | [15,31,38,40] | [33] | [28] | ||||
| Variability Params. | |||||||||
| Stride Length Var (%) | [6] | [29] | [30] | ||||||
| Stride Time Var (%) | [29] | [30] | |||||||
| Gait Variability (%) | [29] | ||||||||
| Gait Symmetry (%) | [29] | [38] | |||||||
| Speed Variability | [40] | ||||||||
| Stride/Step Regularity | [42] | ||||||||
| Swing Time Var (%) | [6] | ||||||||
| Temporal Params. | |||||||||
| Stance Phase Time (s) | [26] | [28] | |||||||
| Swing Phase Time (s) | [6,26] | [28] | |||||||
| Double Support Time (s) | [26] | [15,38,40] | [28] | ||||||
| Propulsion Duration (s) | [35] | ||||||||
| Toe Specific Params. | |||||||||
| Toe-Off Angle () | [36] | ||||||||
| Heal Strike Angle () | [36] | ||||||||
| Max Toe (m) | [36] | ||||||||
| Specific Speeds | |||||||||
| Toe-Off Speed (/s) | [35] | ||||||||
| Mid-Swing Speed (/s) | [35] | [40] | |||||||
| Mid Stance Speed (/s) | [35] | ||||||||
| Propulsion Acceleration (2/s) | [35] | ||||||||
| Speed Norm (/s) | [35] | ||||||||
| DPA Params and Others. | |||||||||
| No. of Steps/Day or Walking Percentage/Day | [15,29,31,32,38] | [27] | |||||||
| Time in Bed | [32] | ||||||||
| Max. No. of Steps/Bout | [29,31] | ||||||||
| Total Distance per Bout/Test | [6] | ||||||||
| No. of Steps per Bout/Test | [6] | ||||||||
| Total Time Walking per Bout/Test | [6] | ||||||||
| Classic Tests Params. | |||||||||
| TUG Kinematic Param. | [41] | [25] | |||||||
| 30-s Chair Test k.p. | [24] | ||||||||
| Five-Times Sit to Stand Acc. | [25] | ||||||||
| Trunk and Stability Params. | |||||||||
| Trunk Accelerations | [37,39] | ||||||||
| Trunk Stability | [33] | ||||||||
| Trunk Control (k.p) | [34] | ||||||||
| Center of Pressure (CoP) Deviations | [18] | ||||||||
| Dynamic Stability | [18] | ||||||||
| RMS Trunk Acc. | [42] | ||||||||
| THD Trunk Acc. | [42] | ||||||||
| Trunk Sway | [40] |