Table 1.
miRNA expression and its targeted gene associations with different biological effect in SCD.
| microRNA | Target (mRNA or Protein) | Biological Effect | Cell Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Up-Regulated | ||||
| Let-7 | BCL11A | γ globin gene switching | Erythrocyte | [47] |
| miRNA-486-3p | BCL11A | Increasing expression of γ globin gene | Erythrocyte | [41,63,70] |
| miRNA-96 | γ globin (CDS region) | Suppressing γ globin gene expression | Reticulocyte | [50] |
| miRNA-29b | DNMT, MYB | Increasing expression of γ globin gene | Erythroid progenitor, Reticulocyte | [42] |
| miRNA-144 | NRF2 | Interference with antioxidant capacity; susceptibility to oxidative stress, hemolysis and severe anemia anemic phenotype | Erythrocyte, Reticulocyte | [16,29] |
| miRNA-221/-222 | KLFD | Decreasing of erythroblast proliferation and suppress HbF production | Erythrocyte | [57,59] |
| miRNA-199a | KLF3, GATA-1 | Regulating of human erythropoiesis and decrease HbF levels | Erythrocyte | [33,64] |
| miRNA-451 | GATA-1 | Inducing γ globin gene transcription and suppress α globin, Glycophorin-A | Erythrocyte | [13,30,32] |
| miRNA-320 | CD71 | Hemolysis-induced irregularity in erythropoiesis | Reticulocyte | [15,34] |
| miRNA-1225-3p | PBXIPI | Maintenance of hematopoiesis and lineage commitment by opposing erythropoiesis and promoting megakaryopoiesis | Platelet | [52] |
| miRNA-26b | GATA1 | Increasing γ globin gene expression | Erythrocyte | [65] |
| miRNA-210 | γ globin | γ globin gene switching | Reticulocyte, Erythrocyte | [66,67] |
| Down-Regulated | ||||
| miRNA-23a | SP1 | Increases γ and ε globin expression | Erythrocyte | [71] |
| miRNA-27a | KLF3 | Regulating HbF expression and erythropoiesis | Erythrocyte | [71] |
| miRNA-34a | STAT3 | γ-globin activation | Erythrocyte | [72] |
| miRNA-15a/-16-1 | MYB | Increasing γ globin gene expression | Erythroid progenitor | [49,61,62] |
BCL11A: B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11A protein, CD71: Transferrin receptor, CDS region; Coding DNA Sequence region mRNA, DNMT: DNA methyltransferase 1, GATA1: GATA-binding factor 1 mRNA, HbF: Fetal hemoglobin, KLF3: Krüppel-like factor 3 mRNA, KLFD: Krüppel-like factor d mRNA, MYB: Proto-oncogene mRNA, NRF2; Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 mRNA, PBXIPI: PBX homeobox interacting protein 1, SP1; Specificity protein 1 mRNA, and STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.