Table 2.
Relative gene expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway-related genes (AhR1, AhR2, ARNT, P23, XAP2, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, NQO1, GSTA2), Nrf2 pathway genes (Nrf2, Keap1, CAT, SOD, GPX2, HMOX1), and heat shock proteins (HSP70, HSP90) in the duodenum of 39-day-old broilers.
| Duodenum | Treatments 1 | Statistics | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD | DON | FUM | SEM 2 | p-Value 3 | |
| AhR Pathway | |||||
| AhR1 | 0.66 b | 2.91 a | 1.21 a,b | 0.478 | 0.005 |
| AhR2 | 1.14 b | 2.33 a | 1.27 a,b | 0.463 | 0.038 |
| ARNT | 1.48 | 2.29 | 1.91 | 0.679 | 0.498 |
| P23 | 1.09 | 2.05 | 1.64 | 0.586 | 0.286 |
| XAP2 | 0.83 | 1.70 | 1.18 | 0.537 | 0.287 |
| CYP1A1 | 1.58 | 1.60 | 2.53 | 0.737 | 0.358 |
| CYP1A2 | 1.06 | 1.63 | 1.05 | 0.471 | 0.390 |
| CYP1B1 | 1.08 b | 2.21 a | 1.28 a,b | 0.436 | 0.041 |
| Nrf2 Pathway | |||||
| Nrf2 | 1.02 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 0.201 | 0.956 |
| Keap1 | 0.92 | 1.24 | 1.64 | 0.323 | 0.097 |
| CAT | 1.34 | 1.14 | 0.96 | 0.229 | 0.269 |
| SOD | 1.08 | 1.37 | 1.01 | 0.200 | 0.198 |
| GPX2 | 1.15 | 1.12 | 1.06 | 0.243 | 0.939 |
| HMOX1 | 1.15 | 1.02 | 0.95 | 0.212 | 0.633 |
| NQO1 | 1.74 a,b | 1.90 a | 0.89 b | 0.341 | 0.018 |
| GSTA2 | 1.01 | 1.49 | 0.64 | 0.349 | 0.078 |
| Heat Shock Proteins | |||||
| HSP70 | 0.74 b | 1.28 a,b | 1.99 a | 0.362 | 0.010 |
| HSP90 | 1.50 a,b | 3.04 a | 1.07 b | 0.493 | 0.020 |
1 Challenge diet (CD) with no mycotoxin inclusion used as control, CD with deoxynivalenol (DON) addition at 5 mg/kg of diet, and CD with fumonisin (FUM) addition at 20 mg/kg of diet. Data represent means from n = 7 broilers analyzed per treatment. 2 Pooled standard error of means. 3 Within the same row, means with no common superscript per treatment (a, b) differ significantly (p < 0.05).