. 2021 Oct 6;9(10):2102. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9102102

Table 3.

Nitrogen fractions of ensiled Moringa oleifera leaves treated with malic acid and sucrose.

Items ¹	Groups ²	Days of Silage					SEM ³	p-Value ⁴
Items ¹	Groups ²	2	5	10	20	40	SEM ³	A	D	A × D
TP (g/kg CP)	CON	755.66 ^Ab	685.51 ^Bc	585.91 ^Cb	473.88 ^Db	386.88 ^Eb	16.53	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	MLA	813.01 ^Aa	770.89 ^Ba	745.91 ^Ba	655.95 ^Ca	576.54 ^Da
	SUC	724.31 ^Ac	663.41 ^Bc	589.16 ^Cb	427.64 ^Dc	381.90 ^Eb
	MIX	747.76 ^Ab	725.25 ^Ab	733.52 ^Aa	643.34 ^Ba	592.47 ^Ca
NPN (g/kg CP)	CON	244.34 ^Eb	314.49 ^Da	414.09 ^Ca	526.12 ^Bb	613.12 ^Aa	16.53	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	MLA	186.99 ^Dc	229.11 ^Cc	254.09 ^Cb	344.05 ^Bc	423.46 ^Ab
	SUC	275.69 ^Ea	336.59 ^Da	410.84 ^Ca	572.36 ^Ba	618.10 ^Aa
	MIX	252.24 ^Cb	274.75 ^Cb	266.48 ^Cb	356.66 ^Bc	407.53 ^Ab
SCP (g/kg CP)	CON	299.67 ^Eb	377.28 ^Da	479.60 ^Ca	594.66 ^Bb	689.65 ^Aa	17.62	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	MLA	228.39 ^Dc	270.97 ^Cc	298.73 ^Cb	392.23 ^Bc	474.31 ^Ab
	SUC	334.20 ^Ea	392.03 ^Da	480.55 ^Ca	640.44 ^Ba	687.79 ^Aa
	MIX	301.30 ^Cb	321.05 ^Cb	319.24 ^Cb	407.73 ^Bc	461.81 ^Ab
NDICP (g/kg CP)	CON	121.23 ^Ac	109.30 ^Bc	102.13 ^Cb	76.29 ^Db	70.15 ^Ec	4.26	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	MLA	172.86 ^Aa	158.49 ^Ba	149.73 ^Ca	140.49 ^Da	128.51 ^Ea
	SUC	120.23 ^Ac	92.68 ^Bd	76.87 ^Cc	68.27 ^Dc	65.91 ^Dc
	MIX	164.31 ^Ab	132.04 ^Cb	141.21 ^Ba	135.70 ^BCa	104.95 ^Db
ADICP (g/kg CP)	CON	45.96 ^Ab	45.21 ^Ab	38.46 ^Bb	32.23 ^Cb	30.69 ^Cb	1.06	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	MLA	55.18 ^Aa	51.96 ^Ba	50.17 ^Ba	49.10 ^BCa	48.12 ^Ca
	SUC	45.10 ^Ab	36.46 ^Bc	33.30 ^Cc	30.98 ^Db	30.96 ^Db
	MIX	54.10 ^Aa	50.15 ^Ba	49.64 ^Ba	48.27 ^Ba	45.99 ^Ca

¹ CP, crude protein; TP, true protein; NPN, non-protein nitrogen; SCP, soluble crude protein; NDICP, neutral detergent insoluble crude protein; ADICP, acid detergent insoluble crude protein. ² CON, control group; MLA, 1% malic acid addition on the fresh weight (FW) basis; SUC, 1% sucrose addition on the FW basis; MIX, 1% malic acid and 1% sucrose addition on the FW basis. ³ SEM, standard error of means. ⁴ A, additives; D, ensiling days; A × D, the interaction effect of additives and ensiling days. Different uppercase indicates significant differences in the same row (p < 0.05); different lowercase indicates significant differences in the same column (p < 0.05).