Table 3.
Summary of gene−environment interaction analysis among SNP and VD traits for depression and anxiety traits.
| CHR | SNP | Model | Beta | SE | Gene | p−Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression status |
2 | rs114086183 | ADD ×VD PRS afterCOJO | 0.16 | 0.029 | LRRTM4 | 4.11 × 10−8 |
| Anxiety status | 15 | rs149760119 | ADD × VD PRS afterCOJO | −0.22 | 0.04 | GNB5 | 3.88 × 10−8 |
| Depression (PHQ score) |
12 | rs117102029 | ADD × VD blood | 0.01 | 0.002 | SLC11A2, HIGD1C |
4.02 × 10−8 |
| Anxiety (GAD score) |
1 | rs142593645 | ADD × VD blood | 1.52 | 0.27 | SMYD3 | 2.51 × 10−8 |
| 7 | rs13228257 | ADD × VD blood | −1.25 | 0.22 | DPP6 | 1.45 × 10−8 | |
| 7 | rs76440131 | ADD × VD PRS afterCOJO | −2.64 | 0.42 | SEMA3E | 2.80 × 10−10 | |
| 9 | rs78029983 | ADD × VD PRS afterCOJO | −1.08 | 0.19 | DOCK8 | 2.43 × 10−10 | |
| 13 | rs76004204 | ADD × VD PRS afterCOJO | 2.17 | 0.37 | TMCO3 | 6.38 × 10−9 | |
| 7 | rs76440131 | ADD × VD PRS beforeCOJO | −2.16 | 0.38 | SEMA3E | 1.76 × 10−8 | |
| 9 | rs78029983 | ADD × VD PRS beforeCOJO | −1.10 | 0.20 | DOCK8 | 2.10 × 10−8 | |
| 10 | rs17266687 | ADD × VD PRS beforeCOJO | −1.20 | 0.21 | VTI1A | 2.48 × 10−8 | |
| 13 | rs76004204 | ADD × VD PRS beforeCOJO | 1.97 | 0.34 | TMCO3 | 8.89 × 10−9 |
Abbreviations: CHR, chromosome; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; SE, standard error; ADD, additive effect; VD, vitamin D; VDPRS, polygenic risk score of vitamin D; COJO, conditional and joint analysis; PHQ score, patient health questionnaire (PHQ) is used to describe the depression; GAD score, general anxiety disorder (GAD) is used to describe the anxiety of the participants; p−value, estimates of the effect of interaction on depression and anxiety traits by using ADD × VD traits.