Table 1.
Summary of qPCR oligonucleotide primers used in measuring mRNA expression of genes related to myogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics.
| Gene | Gene Bank No. | DNA Sequence (5′-3′) |
|---|---|---|
| Myogenesis | ||
| MyoD | NM_176079.1 | Forward Primer GACGGCTCTCTCTGCTCC Reverse Primer AAGTGTGCGTGCTCCTCC |
| Myog | NM_017115.2 | Forward Primer GAGCGCGATCTCCGCTCAAGAG Reverse Primer CTGGCTTGTGGCAGCCCAGG |
| Myf5 | NM_001106783.1 | Forward Primer GAGCCAAGAGTAGCAGCCTTCG Reverse Primer GTTCTTTCGGGACCAGACAGGG |
| MRF4 | NM_013172.2 | Forward Primer AGAGACTGCCCAAGGTGGAGATTC Reverse Primer AAGACTGCTGGAGGCTGAGGCATC |
| Mitochondrial biogenesis | ||
| Ppargc1a | NM_031347.1 | Forward Primer GACACGAGGAAAGGAAGACTAAA Reverse Primer GTCTTGGAGCTCCTGTGATATG |
| Tfam | NM_031326.1 | Forward Primer CTGATGGGCTTAGAGAAGGAAG Reverse Primer GTTATATGCTGACCGAGGTCTTT |
| Nrf1 | NM_001100708.1 | Forward Primer GCTCATCCAGGTTGGTACTG Reverse Primer CCATCAGCCACAGCAGAATA |
| Mitochondrial dynamics | ||
| Opa1 | NM_133585.3 | Forward Primer GAGTATCAAGCGGCACAAATG Reverse Primer CGTCCCACTGTTGCTTATCT |
| Drp1 | NM_053655.3 | Forward Primer TGTGGTGGTGCTAGGATTTG Reverse Primer TGGCGGTCAAGATGTCAATAG |
| Mfn1 | NM_138976.1 | Forward Primer AACAGCACACTATCAGAGCTAAA Reverse Primer GATTTGGTCTTCCCTCTCTTCC |
| Mfn2 | NM_130894.4 | Forward Primer CAGTGTTTCTCCCTCAGCTATG Reverse Primer TAGGGCCCAGGAACCTATT |
| Housekeeping genes | ||
| Actb | NM_031144.3 | Forward Primer ACAGGATGCAGAAGGAGATTAC Reverse Primer ACAGTGAGGCCAGGATAGA |
Actb, beta actin; Drp1, dynamic-related protein 1; Mfn, dynamin-related GTPase termed mitofusin; MyoD, myogenic differentiation antigen; Myog, myogenin; Myf5, myogenic factor 5; MRF4, muscle regulatory factor 4; Nrf, nuclear respiratory factor; Opa1, Optic atrophy protein 1; Ppargc1a, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; Tfam, mitochondrial transcription factor A.