Table 3.
Composition and properties of nanoparticle delivery systems for anti-HBV vaccines.
| Nanopreparation | Nanocarrier Composition | Vaccine | Method of Preparation | Particle Size (nm) | Encapsulation Efficiency (%) | Drug Loading Capability | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polymeric nanoparticle | SpyTag–ferritin | PreS1 | Self-assembly | N/A | N/A | N/A | [106] |
| Mannose-modified poly d,l-lactide-co-glycolic acid | HBsAg | Double emulsion solvent evaporation technique | 186.6 ± 3.7 | 63.7 ± 4.5 | 1.5 ± 0.1 μg/mg | [107] | |
| Virus-like particles (VLPs) | Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) | MrNV VLPs | Self-assembly | 30 | N/A | N/A | [108] |
| HBV “a” determinant (aD) displayed on the prawn nodavirus capsid (Nc) and expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells (Nc-aD-Sf9) | Nc-aD-Sf9 VLPs | Self-assembly | 56.4 | N/A | N/A | [109] | |
| HBcAg including Myrcludex and the “a” determinant sequence of HBsAg | VLP-based vaccine by placing the antibody-binding fragments of HBsAg in the major immunodominant region epitope of HBcAg | Self-assembly | N/A | N/A | N/A | [110] | |
| The woodchuck hepatitis core antigen (WHcAg) |
PreS1-WHc VLPs | Self-assembly | N/A | N/A | N/A | [111] |