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. 2021 Oct 14;21(20):6819. doi: 10.3390/s21206819

Table 3.

Comparison of predictive capabilities for MARS, SVM, MLP models.

Parameter First Layer Second Layer
Learning Testing Learning Testing
R MAE MAPE R MAE MAPE R MAE MAPE R MAE MAPE
MARS
P (t = 1) 0.60 4.00 20.58 0.43 5.10 31.20 0.58 2.79 18.14 0.50 3.21 22.77
P (t = 2) 0.58 3.82 19.95 0.51 4.37 29.04 0.62 2.73 17.95 0.52 3.08 22.05
P (t = 3) 0.60 3.66 19.37 0.51 4.34 26.66 0.60 2.64 17.58 0.55 2.95 21.15
P (t = 4) 0.46 3.52 18.87 0.57 3.92 24.16 0.59 2.64 17.78 0.58 2.78 20.09
P (t = 5) 0.63 3.38 18.05 0.61 3.67 22.63 0.60 2.62 17.59 0.62 2.63 19.10
P (t = 6) 0.66 3.30 17.49 0.65 3.41 21.13 0.62 2.55 17.07 0.65 2.50 18.24
P (t = 7) 0.67 3.20 16.90 0.66 3.31 20.41 0.66 2.48 16.63 0.67 2.39 17.50
P (me) 0.68 3.19 16.90 0.65 3.36 20.57 0.66 2.48 16.63 0.68 2.38 17.45
T (t−1) 0.60 3.89 20.04 0.39 5.45 33.19 0.61 2.69 17.55 0.48 3.31 23.27
Wilg (t−1) 0.60 4.03 20.64 0.38 5.58 34.14 0.62 2.73 17.68 0.47 3.35 23.55
P (me), Tsr 0.81 2.48 12.05 0.81 2.50 15.90 0.79 1.93 12.43 0.74 2.15 15.53
P (me), Wilgsr 0.77 3.15 15.58 0.83 2.44 16.05 0.68 2.33 15.04 0.82 1.89 14.68
P (me), Wilgsr, Tsr 0.85 2.45 12.03 0.92 2.07 12.22 0.82 1.96 12.62 0.94 1.55 11.28
MLP
P (t = 1) 0.41 4.94 28.71 0.55 4.30 24.98 0.39 3.02 20.69 0.34 3.51 27.94
P (t = 2) 0.53 4.57 26.63 0.52 4.37 24.59 0.42 3.16 22.94 0.52 3.13 22.23
P (t = 3) 0.60 3.94 23.18 0.61 3.95 22.90 0.50 2.99 22.14 0.58 2.86 20.44
P (t = 4) 0.67 3.46 20.03 0.71 3.64 20.08 0.58 2.39 16.71 0.59 2.86 21.16
P (t = 5) 0.69 3.46 19.83 0.71 3.20 17.93 0.61 2.63 17.72 0.65 2.81 22.20
P (t = 6) 0.76 2.84 16.76 0.72 3.00 17.00 0.66 2.16 15.53 0.63 2.79 20.53
P (t = 7) 0.69 3.20 19.03 0.77 2.92 16.50 0.62 2.66 20.34 0.71 2.19 14.11
P (me) 0.75 2.99 17.33 0.76 2.85 16.39 0.68 2.40 18.02 0.69 2.37 18.10
T (t−1) 0.14 5.38 31.86 0.18 5.38 28.98 0.17 3.33 23.06 0.20 3.40 24.29
Wilg (t−1) 0.21 5.20 30.09 0.29 5.59 33.47 0.28 3.38 23.26 0.17 4.17 30.34
P (me), Tsr 0.81 2.54 16.90 0.80 2.71 15.50 0.65 2.56 18.47 0.73 2.37 17.24
P (me), Wilgsr 0.76 2.89 17.17 0.83 2.33 13.18 0.65 2.24 16.33 0.65 2.31 18.07
P (me), Wilgsr, Tsr 0.82 2.50 16.18 0.84 2.15 15.50 0.67 2.18 15.72 0.68 2.20 16.00
SVM
P (t = 1) 0.43 4.57 23.43 0.31 4.75 26.12 0.33 3.11 21.38 0.13 3.08 21.53
P (t = 2) 0.51 4.22 21.62 0.54 4.01 22.08 0.39 2.99 20.87 0.39 2.77 19.65
P (t = 3) 0.56 3.89 20.18 0.68 3.45 19.52 0.45 2.87 20.50 0.52 2.57 18.63
P (t = 4) 0.62 3.62 19.34 0.76 2.92 17.24 0.49 2.78 20.29 0.61 2.37 17.83
P (t = 5) 0.67 3.32 18.01 0.74 3.05 18.02 0.56 2.62 19.34 0.56 2.42 18.21
P (t = 6) 0.71 3.13 17.15 0.73 2.96 17.63 0.61 2.51 18.55 0.59 2.32 17.81
P (t = 7) 0.73 2.98 16.35 0.72 2.99 17.53 0.65 2.41 17.68 0.61 2.29 17.16
P (me) 0.74 2.92 16.35 0.73 2.95 17.05 0.68 2.32 17.15 0.62 2.26 16.56
T (t−1) 0.20 5.14 28.43 0.18 5.74 33.92 0.19 3.26 23.50 0.13 3.28 24.62
Wilg (t−1) 0.19 5.30 30.56 0.18 5.38 33.14 0.07 3.42 22.46 0.02 3.09 21.60
P (me), Tsr 0.78 2.86 15.15 0.79 2.56 14.26 0.67 2.34 17.61 0.62 2.33 16.70
P (me), Wilgsr 0.76 2.86 15.79 0.76 2.86 16.11 0.72 2.21 16.47 0.67 2.11 15.31
P (me), Wilgsr, Tsr 0.83 2.42 13.74 0.84 2.39 13.47 0.67 2.35 17.46 0.64 2.16 15.85