Table 2.
Comparison of the effects on capsid assembly in the absence of specific capsid shell proteins (e.g., ΔMCP) across human herpesvirus subfamilies under different experimental conditions (in vitro, in insect cells infected with recombinant baculoviruses, or in herpesvirus-infected cells). Boxes with dashed lines indicate a lack of published data.
| Alpha | Beta | Gamma | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HSV-1 | HCMV | EBV/KSHV | ||||
| ∆Protein | In Vitro | Insect Cells | Infected Cells | Infected Cells | Insect Cells | Infected Cells |
| ∆MCP | No capsid formation [23] | No capsid formation [19,20] | No capsid formation [40] | No viral replication (capsid assembly not investigated) [42] | No capsid formation [21,22] | -- |
| ∆SCP | B-capsids [23] | B-capsids [19,20] | A-, B- and C-capsids form in Vero cells and ocular mouse model b [43] |
B-capsids [44] | No capsid formation [21,22] |
Severe defect in capsid formation; some empty capsids (KSHV) [45,46] |
| ∆Triplex 1 | No capsid formation [23] | No capsid formation [19,20] |
No capsid formation [41] | No viral replication (capsid assembly not investigated) [42] |
No capsid formation [21,22] | -- |
| ∆Triplex 2 | No capsid formation [23] | No capsid formation [19,20] |
No capsid formation [40] | No viral replication (capsid assembly not investigated) [42] |
No capsid formation [21,22] | -- |
| ∆Scaffold | -- | Empty angularized capsids and open shells [19,20] |
B-capsids [47] | Some closed capsids of unknown identity; open capsid shells [48] | No capsid formation; only open capsid structures [21,22] | -- |
| ∆Protease | Capsids form at a reduced yield; capsid type was not determined a [23] | Angularized capsids, similar in appearance to B-capsids [19,20] | Only procapsids; these are capable of maturation if isolated and incubated at room temperature [30,49] |
Angularized capsids, similar in appearance to B-capsids with dense cores [50] |
B-capsids [21,22] | Only closed spherical procapsids (KSHV) [51] |
| ∆Scaffold + ∆Protease | No capsid formation [23] | No capsid formation; only open capsid structures [19,20] | No capsid formation; only open capsid structures [52] | -- | No capsid formation; only open capsid structures [21,22] | -- |
| ∆Portal | B-capsids [23] | B-capsids [19,20] |
B-capsids either when deleted [53] or portal/scaffold interactions perturbed [54,55] | -- | B-capsids [21,22] | -- |