OSMI-1 enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis through JNK. (A) Cells were transfected with control or IRE1α siRNA and then treated with various concentrations of OSMI-1 for 24 h. Cell extracts were analyzed via western blot for IRE1α, p-JNK, Bcl2 and cytochrome c. (B) HCT116 cells were treated with TRAIL (2 ng/mL) or OSMI-1 (20 µM) alone or in combination for 24 h. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the levels of p-JNK, p-c-Jun, cleaved caspase-3 and PARP. (C) Cells were pretreated with or without SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) for 1 h and then cotreated with TRAIL (2 or 10 ng/mL) and OSMI-1 (20 µM) for 24 h. Expression levels of p-JNK, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase-3 were determined via western blot analysis.