Table 3.
Content of bioaccessible individual isothiocyanates and indoles (mg/100 g fw) extracted from different plant materials due to gastric, intestinal, and gastrointestinal digestion.
| Sprout | Glucosinolate Breakdown Products | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFN | SFE | IB | I3C | |
| Gastrointestinal digestion | ||||
| Broccoli | 0.129 ± 0.015 b | N.d. | 0.070 ± 0.001 c | 0.040 ± 0.004 a |
| White mustard | 0.013 ± 0.002 c | N.d. | N.d. | N.d. |
| Red cabbage | 0.204 ± 0.004 a | N.d. | 4.190 ± 0.080 a | 0.046 ± 0.004 a |
| Red radish | 0.014 ± 0.001 c | N.d. | 0.840 ± 0.100 b | 0.029 ± 0.001 b |
| Gastric digestion | ||||
| Broccoli | N.d. | N.d. | N.d. | 0.048 ± 0.001 b |
| White mustard | N.d. | N.d. | N.d. | N.d. |
| Red cabbage | N.d. | N.d. | N.d. | N.d. |
| Red radish | N.d. | 0.039 ± 0.001 a | N.d. | 0.063 ± 0.006 a |
| Intestinal (theoretical) digestion | ||||
| Broccoli | 0.129 ± 0.015 b | N.d. | 0.070 ± 0.001 c | N.d. |
| White mustard | 0.013 ± 0.002 c | N.d. | N.d. | N.d. |
| Red cabbage | 0.204 ± 0.012 a | N.d. | 4.190 ± 0.080 a | 0.046 ± 0.004 a |
| Red radish | 0.014 ± 0.001 c | N.d. | 0.890 ± 0.050 b | N.d. |
SFN, sulforaphane; SFE, sulforaphene; IB iberin; I3C, indole-3-carbinol. Mean SD (n = 3) followed by different lowercase letters are significantly different at p < 0.01 according to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple range test. N.d., not detected.