Table 3.
Effect of P. granatum extracts on the HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H function and Integrase activity in the presence of LEDGF.
| Pure Compounds | HIV-1 RT-Associated RNase HIC50 (µM) a |
HIV-1 Integrase LEDGF-Dependent IC50 (µM) b |
|---|---|---|
| Ellagic acid | 1.4 ± 0.11 | 0.075 ± 0.0005 |
| Luteolin | 3.7 ± 0.5 | 6.5 ± 0.5 |
| Apigenin | 16.1 ± 0.6 | 22 ± 3.5 |
| Luteolin 4′-O-glucoside | >100 (100%) c | >100 (100%) c |
| Luteolin 7-O-glucoside | >100 (100%) c | 8.5 ± 1.4 |
| Apigenin 7-O-glucoside | >100 (100%) c | >100 (100%) c |
| Oleanolic acid | 6.7 ± 0.4 | >100 (74%) c |
| Ursolic acid | 5.7 ± 0.1 | >100 (68%) c |
| Betulinic acid | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 96.5 ± 3.5 |
| Punicalins | 0.18 ± 0.03 | 0.09 ± 0.01 |
| Punicalagins | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.065 ± 0.00 |
a Compound concentration required to reduce the HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H activity by 50%. b Compound concentration required to inhibit the HIV-1 IN catalytic activity by 50% in the presence of LEDGF. c Percentage of control activity measured in the presence of the indicated drug concentration.