Table 1.

Common age-associated morbidities in children and adults with DS. These are organized by age and sample citations provided.

Comorbidities in Children and Adults with Down Syndrome
Comorbidity	Age	References
Infantile spasms	Infant	[26]
Learning, memory and speech problems	Childhood	[3]
Muscle Hypotonia	Childhood	[5,8]
Multiple Organ Anomalies	Childhood	[26]
Congenital heart conditions	Childhood	[10]
Hearing impairment	Children/Adults	[7]
Thyroid disorders	Young/Adult	[9,10,11]
Sleep Apnea	Young adult	[27,28]
Visual impairment	Adult	[23]
Epilepsy	Adult	[12]
Cardiac Valve Disease	Adult	[10]
Dysphasia	Adult	[10]
Dementia	Middle-age	[20,22,25]