Table 19.

Summary of reviews that include evaluation of TENS for multiple sclerosis. The column ‘Authors’ Conclusion’ contains statements taken from reports.

Ref.	Title	Condition	Acute/Chronic Pain	Review Type	Number of TENS Studies	MA	Authors’ Conclusion	Authors’ Judgement	Our Judgement	Comment
Amatya et al. [192]	Non-pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in multiple sclerosis	Multiple sclerosis—chronic pain	Chronic	CR	2	N	There is very low-level evidence for the use of non-pharmacological interventions for chronic pain such as TENS,…in pain intensity of persons with multiple sclerosis	?	?	Update of Amatya et al. [199]
Sawant et al. [79]	Systematic review of efficacy of TENS for management of central pain in people with multiple sclerosis	Multiple sclerosis—central pain	Chronic	SR	4	Y	TENS is a safe and effective non-pharmacological alternative in the management of central pain in people living with multiple sclerosis. These findings are consistent with GRADE 2 level of evidence	+	?
Jawahar et al. [193]	Central neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis	Multiple sclerosis—neuropathic pain	Chronic	SR	2	N	TENS may be effective in reducing central neuropathic pain…	+	?

Key: OSR = overview of systematic reviews; SR = systematic review; CR = Cochrane review; MR = mixed review; Y = yes; n = no; The column ‘Authors’ judgement’: + = evidence tending to favour TENS, − = evidence tending not to favour TENS, ? = evidence tending to be conflicting, inconclusive or insufficient to make a judgement; The column ‘Our Judgement’: + = Sufficient evidence to judge—TENS beneficial; − = Sufficient evidence to judge—TENS not beneficial; +/− = Sufficient evidence to judge—inconclusive; ? = Insufficient evidence to judge.