Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics of Participants Characteristics by Grade Level.
| All (n = 1425) | Elementary School (n ‡ = 761) a | Middle School (n ‡ = 407) b | High School (n ‡ = 257) c | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD or n ‡(%) | ||||
| Age (years) | 11.56 ± 0.16 | 7.95 ± 0.07 | 13.56 ± 0.05 | 17 ± 0.09 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 715 (49.22) | 386 (48.67) | 204 (49.52) | 125 (50.04) |
| Female | 710 (50.78) | 375 (51.33) | 203 (50.48) | 132 (49.96) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 502 (28.25) | 246 (27.51) | 160 (29.71) | 96 (27.77) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 328 (44.35) | 188 (45.62) | 85 (41.55) | 55 (45.67) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 415 (18.20) | 239 (18.11) | 108 (18.35) | 68 (18.16) |
| Other Race | 180 (9.20) | 88 (8.76) | 54 (10.39) | 38 (8.41) |
| BMI (kg/m2) ab***, bc***, ac*** | 21.49 ± 0.20 | 18.39 ± 0.22 | 23.24 ± 0.42 | 25.93 ± 0.6 |
| Weight Status | ||||
| Underweight | 35 (2.69) | 21 (2.92) | 6 (2.06) | 8 (3.12) |
| Healthy Weight | 785 (58.97) | 427 (61.31) | 220 (56.52) | 138 (57.33) |
| Overweight | 242 (17.82) | 127 (17.56) | 72 (19.98) | 43 (15.15) |
| Obese | 297 (20.52) | 144 (18.22) | 92 (21.45) | 61 (24.40) |
| Family Monthly Poverty Level Index | 1.01 ± 0.04 | 1.02 ± 0.04 | 1.00 ± 0.05 | 1.03 ± 0.08 |
| Family Monthly Poverty Level Category | ||||
| Monthly Poverty Level Index ≤ 1.85 | 1223 (89.03) | 663 (90.65) | 347 (88.88) | 213 (85.59) |
| Monthly Poverty Level Index > 1.85 | 100 (10.97) | 44 (9.35) | 34 (11.12) | 22 (14.41) |
| Nutrition Assistance Program Participation *** | ||||
| No Participation | 379 (35.63) | 157 (29.15) | 100 (33.24) | 122 (54.64) |
| School Meals Only | 538 (34.52) | 293 (35.32) | 156 (35.99) | 89 (30.36) |
| School Meals + SNAP | 508 (29.85) | 311 (35.53) | 151 (30.77) | 46 (15.00) |
Note: ANOVA and Rao-Scott Chi-square test were conducted to examine the participant characteristics differences among grade levels. ‡: unweighted sample size; ***: p < 0.001; BMI: body mass index; Mean and % are weighted using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey exam weights. a, b, and c represent elementary school, middle school, and high school groups, respectively. ab: No Participation vs. School Meals Only; bc: School Meals Only vs. School Meals and SNAP; ac: No Participation vs. School Meals and SNAP.