Table 2.
Multivariable analysis of associations between 30-day readmission and social risk factors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and strokea,b,c
| Characteristic | AECOPD | PNA | AMI | HF | Stroke | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aOR (95% CI) | P | aOR (95% CI) | P | aOR (95% CI) | P | aOR (95% CI) | P | aOR (95% CI) | P | |
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
| Female | 0.889 (0.885–0.893) | <0.0001 | 0.906 (0.903–0.910) | <0.0001 | 1.115 (1.106–1.123) | <0.0001 | 0.978 (0.973–0.982) | <0.0001 | 0.935 (0.927–0.944) | <0.0001 |
| Hospital Urban-Rural Designation | ||||||||||
| Urban | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
| Rural | 0.916 (0.910–0.923) | <0.0001 | 0.915 (0.909–0.920) | <0.0001 | 1.028 (1.015–1.042) | <0.0001 | 0.972 (0.965–0.979) | <0.0001 | 0.944 (0.930–0.958) | <0.0001 |
| Estimated Median Household Income by Zip Code | ||||||||||
| ≥ $64,000 | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
| $48,000–$63,999 | 0.996 (0.987–1.004) | 0.2847 | 1.013 (1.007–1.020) | <0.0001 | 1.001 (0.989–1.013) | 0.887 | 1.018 (1.011–1.026) | <0.0001 | 1.005 (0.991–1.019) | 0.4715 |
| $38,000–$47,999 | 1.009 (1.001–1.017) | 0.213 | 1.020 (1.013–1.027) | <0.0001 | 1.027 (1.016–1.039) | <0.0001 | 1.032 (1.025–1.039) | <0.0001 | 1.002 (0.989–1.016) | 0.7590 |
| ≤ $37,999 | 1.053 (1.045–1.062) | <0.0001 | 1.066 (1.059–1.073) | <0.0001 | 1.063 (1.051–1.075) | <0.0001 | 1.104 (1.096–1.111) | <0.0001 | 1.045 (1.031–1.059) | <0.0001 |
| C-statistic | 0.602 (0.601, 0.603) | <0.0001 | 0.634 (0.633, 0.635) | <0.0001 | 0.667 (0.665, 0.668) | <0.0001 | 0.588 (0.587, 0.589) | <0.0001 | 0.623 (0.621, 0.625) | <0.0001 |
a Each estimate is adjusted for all other variables in the model
b Additional covariates in each model: Elixhauser comorbidities score (n = 29); Elixhauser mortality score (n = 29); length of stay (categorical); age (categorical), expected primary payer, number of chronic conditions
c Survey weights applied to give national estimates
Abbreviations: aOR adjusted odds ratio, AECOPD acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PNA pneumonia, AMI acute myocardial infarction, HF heart failure