3D	Three dimensional
γ-GTP	γ-glutamyl transpeptidase
Akt	Protein kinase B
ALB	Albumin
ALP	Alkaline phosphatase
ALT	Alanine aminotransferase
AST	Aspartate aminotransferase
AT-LDL	A1-antitrypsin-LDL
AUC	Area under the curve
Bax	Bcl-2-like protein 4
BCS	Biopharmaceutics classification system
BCVA	Best-corrected visual acuity
BMI	Body mass index
BS	Blood sugar
CAu-PLGA NPs	Gold-loaded PLGA nanoparticles
CCDC	Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre
cfPWV	Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity
CK	Creatine kinase
CMC	Critical micellar concentration
CNS	central nervous system
CRP	C-reactive protein
CYP3A4	Cytochrome P450 3A4
DbD	Delivery by Design
DOMS	Delayed onset muscle soreness
EGF	Epithelial growth factor
FAE	Follicle-associated epithelium
FDA	US Food and Drug Administration
GALT	Gut-associated lymphoid tissue
GB	Glioblastoma
GEM	Gemcitabine
GI	Gastrointestinal
GRAS	Generally regarded as safe
HDL	High-density lipoprotein
HDL-C	High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
IκBα	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor α
IL-1β	Interleukin-1β
IL-6	Interleukin-6
i.p.	Intraperitoneal
JKOM	Japanese knee osteoarthritis measure
JOA	Japanese orthopedic association
LDH	Lactate dehydrogenase
LDL	Low-density lipoprotein
LSCS-CUR	Lauroyl sulphated chitosan–curcumin
M cells	Microfold cells
MCT	Medium-chain triglyceride
MNPs	Magnetic nanoparticles
mPa·s	Millipascal second
NAFLD	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
NF-kB	Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
Nrf2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
NSAIDs	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
OCT	Optical coherence tomography
PARP	Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
PEG	Polyethylene glycol
PEG 400	Polyethylene glycol 400
PEO	Polyethylene oxides
PNS	Polar–nonpolar sandwich
PPO	Polypropylene oxide
PPs	Peryer’s patches
PLGA	Poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
PVP	Polyvinyl pyrrolinone
QoL	Quality of life
OA	Osteoarthritis
ROS	Reactive Oxygen Species
sCD40L	Soluble CD40 ligand
SMEDDSs	Self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems
SLCPs	Solid lipid curcumin particles
SLNPs	Solid lipid nanoparticles
SLPs	Solid lipid particles
TAG	Triacylglycerols
TC	Total cholesterol
Tf	Transferrin
TG	Triglycerides
TNFα	Tumor necrosis factor α
TNFβ	Tumor necrosis factor β
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase	Uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase
UMIN Clinical Trials	University hospital medical information network Clinical Trials
UV light	Ultraviolet light
VAS	Visual analog scale
WOMAC	Western Ontario and McMaster Universities’ arthritis index