Table 2.
Comparison of propagation studies of the LoRa technology in vegetated environments.
| Reference | [10] | [15] | [16] | [27] | [28] | [29] | [30] | [31] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coverage (km) | 0.71 | 47 | 1.5 (DR3) | 1.6 (DR0) | 0.25 | X | 1.75 | 0.23 | 1 | 0.05–0.09 | ||
| Frequency (MHz) | 868 | 868 NLOS |
868 LOS |
915 NLOS |
915 NLOS |
433 NLOS |
868 NLOS |
915 NLOS |
868 NLOS |
868 NLOS |
||
| PL-d0 (dB) | 95.5 | 111 | Not mentioned | 61.1 | 55.3 | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
| d0 (m) | 1 | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
| PLE | 2.0 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
| TAH (m) | 1.5 | 0.2 | 3 | 1.5 | <2 | <2 | X | 0.5, 1.3, 2, 2.5, 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | X |
| RAH (m) | 1.5 | 70 | 70 | <2 | <2 | X | 1.3 | 2.5 | 1 | 1 | X | |
| Scenario | Forest | Rural with trees | Rural with trees | Forest | Forest | Forest | Forest | Forest near lake | Vegetation | |||
| RSSI Calibration | Not used | Not used | Not used | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||