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. 2021 Sep 30;11(10):989. doi: 10.3390/jpm11100989

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Study flow chart. COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, HFNC = high-flow nasal cannula. Failure of HFNC was defined as the need for mechanical ventilation despite HFNC application: early failure (within 48 h) and late failure (after 48 h).