Figure 1.

(a) The biosynthesis pathway of DHN melanin in A. fumigatus conidia. Acetyl- and malonyl-CoA are converted through a series of reactions catalyzed by six different enzymes. (b) The biosynthesis pathway of the green-colored pigment in A. nidulans conidia. Acetyl- and malonyl-CoA are converted through a series of reactions involving the WA and YA enzymes. The final product has not yet been fully characterized. (c) The biosynthesis pathway of DOPA melanin in C. neoformans cells. The initial conversion of tyrosine or dopamine to dopaminequinone is catalyzed primarily by the Lac1 enzyme. Subsequent reactions occur through a Raper–Mason scheme.