Table 2.
Characteristics and methods of studies assessed for the ZSI: LA:DGLA, Zn-related gene expression, and Zn status effects on gut microbiota modulation.
| Reference | Animal Model | Number of Subjects | Treatment or Intervention | Duration (Weeks) |
Zn Status Measures | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LA:DGLA (Erythrocyte) |
Zn-Related Gene Expression | Gut Microbiota Evaluation Method | Other (Not Included in ZSI) | |||||
| Beasley et al., 2020 [20] | Cornish Cross broiler (Gallus gallus) |
30 (n = 15 per group) |
Nicotianamine-enhanced Zn- and Fe-biofortified wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) |
6 | Yes | ZnT1 ZnT5 ZnT7 ZIP1 ZIP4 ZIP6 ZIP9 Δ6-desaturase |
16s rRNA gene sequencing | Serum Liver Nail Feathers |
| Knez et al., 2018 [21] | Cornish Cross broiler (Gallus gallus) |
30 (n = 15 per group) |
Zn-biofortified wheat (Triticum aestivum) |
6 | Yes | ZnT1 ZnT5 ZnT7 ZIP4 ZIP6 ZIP9 Δ6-desaturase |
N/A | Serum Nail Feathers |
| Reed et al., 2018 [18] | Cornish Cross broiler (Gallus gallus) |
30 (n = 15 per group) |
Zn-biofortified wheat (Triticum aestivum) |
6 | Yes | ZnT1 ZnT5 ZnT7 ZIP4 ZIP6 ZIP9 Δ6-desaturase |
16s rRNA gene sequencing | Serum Nail Feathers |
| Reed et al., 2015 [17] | Cornish Cross broiler (Gallus gallus) |
24 (n = 12 per group) |
Zn-adequate control diet versus Zn-deficient diet (Zn carbonate as Zn source) |
4 | Yes | ZnT1 ZnT5 ZnT7 ZIP6 ZIP9 Δ6-desaturase |
16s rRNA gene sequencing | Serum Nail Feathers |
| Reed et al., 2014 [13] | Cornish Cross broiler (Gallus gallus) |
24 (n = 12 per group) |
Zn-adequate control diet versus Zn-deficient diet (Zn carbonate as Zn source) |
4 | Yes | ZnT1 ZnT5 ZnT7 ZIP6 ZIP9 Δ6-desaturase |
N/A | Serum Nail Feathers |