Figure 3.

ERECTA was selected in artificial selection during apple domestication and affected fruit size. (a) GWAS analysis for apple fruit length and diameter. The dotted blue line represents the Bonferroni‐corrected significant threshold for GWAS (–log₁₀ P = 5). (b) The region showed extensive polymorphisms between wild species and cultivated apples. (c) Location of ERECTA associated with fruit size GWAS and selection signals. The red arrow indicates the most significant SNP associated with fruit length and diameter. Black arrows indicate SNPs associated with fruit length. (d) Genotype of two SNPs associated with fruit length in ERECTA in both sequenced apple accessions and F₁ hybrids. (e) Fruit size of sequenced apple accessions and F₁ hybrids. (f) Phenotypes of transgenic tomato overexpressing MdERECTA (OE). (g) and (h) fruit size (g) and weight (h) of transgenic tomato overexpressing MdERECTA. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's multiple range test.