Table 3.

Hierarchical regression analyses examining perceived parental involvement and gender as predictors of perceived psychological and behavioral control in Spain and Portugal

	Spain						Portugal
	Perceived psychological control			Perceived behavioral control			Perceived psychological control			Perceived behavioral control
Variable	B	SEB	β	B	SEB	β	B	SEB	β	B	SEB	β
MODEL 1: Additive
Gender	0.17	0.08	0.08*	−0.04	0.09	−0.02	0.01	0.08	0.00	−0.19	0.09	−0.09*
Perceived parental involvement	−0.43	0.03	−0.46***	−0.13	0.04	−0.14***	−0.39	0.04	−0.41***	−0.05	0.04	−0.06
MODEL 2: Interactive
Gender	0.17	0.08	0.08*	−0.04	0.09	−0.02	−0.00	0.08	−0.00	−0.20	0.09	−0.10*
Perceived parental involvement	−0.27	0.05	−0.29***	−0.06	0.06	−0.06	−0.25	0.06	−0.26***	0.09	0.06	0.10
Perceived parental involvement x Gender	−0.31	0.07	−0.24***	−0.15	0.08	−0.11	−0.24	0.08	−0.19**	−0.26	0.09	−0.21**
R2 Model 1	0.24			0.03			0.18			0.03
R2 change (p)	0.03 (0.000)			0.01 (0.002)			0.1 (0.000)			0.02 (0.001)

The gender variable was coded as women = 1 and men = 0

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001