Fig. 5. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) deletion increased Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3)-related mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and improved mitochondrial morphology.

A–C Western blot (A) and its quantitative analysis (B, C) of acetylated and total peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) between Ephx2^−/− and wild-type (WT) VSMCs treated with high phosphate (Pi). D ATP detection in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from Ephx2^−/− and WT with scramble small interfering RNA transfection (siRNA) or Sirt3 siRNA treatment, respectively, under high Pi stimulation. E The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showing the fragmented mitochondrial morphology in VSMCs with scramble siRNA or Sirt3 siRNA treatment. Scale bar: 500 nm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05; ^#P < 0.01; ^&P < 0.0001.