Table 3.
Associations of PH with kidney failure among Medicare beneficiaries with CKD
| Number of kidney failure | Total follow-up time, person years | Rate of kidney failure, per 1000 person years | Cause specific HR (95% CI) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
|
| |||||
| Follow-up year 1 | |||||
| Non-PH | 1671 | 130994.9 | 12.8 | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) |
| PH | 751 | 21146.6 | 35.5 | 2.83 (2.59, 3.08) | 2.18 (1.98, 2.39) |
|
| |||||
| Follow-up year 2–3 | |||||
| Non-PH | 1984 | 174716.4 | 11.4 | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) |
| PH | 380 | 22848.6 | 16.6 | 1.55 (1.39, 1.73) | 1.18 (1.05, 1.33) |
|
| |||||
| Follow-up year 4–5 | |||||
| Non-PH | 1019 | 95757.0 | 10.6 | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) |
| PH | 147 | 10316.3 | 14.2 | 1.43 (1.20, 1.70) | 1.07 (0.90, 1.28) |
PH: pulmonary hypertension, CKD: chronic renal disease, HR: hazard ratio, CI: confidence interval Model 1: crude model
Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, race, and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, hyperlipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea, stroke, liver disease, obesity, anemia, interstitial lung disease, systemic lupus erythematosus)