TABLE 3.
RRs (95% CIs) of developing obesity in 4 y by different amounts of 4-y change in GDQS in Nurses’ Health Study II participants1
| GDQS change, points | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <−5 (decrease) | −5 to <−2 (decrease) | −2 to 2 (little change) | >2 to 5 (increase) | >5 (increase) | Per 5-point increase | |
| All women | ||||||
| Age adjusted | 1.40 (1.34, 1.46) | 1.13 (1.09, 1.18) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.97) | 0.84 (0.81, 0.88) | 0.85 (0.84, 0.86) |
| Multivariable2 | 1.32 (1.26, 1.37) | 1.13 (1.08, 1.17) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.89 (0.86, 0.93) | 0.77 (0.74, 0.81) | 0.84 (0.82, 0.85) |
| Women <50 y old | ||||||
| Age adjusted | 1.43 (1.36, 1.51) | 1.10 (1.05, 1.16) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.89 (0.85, 0.94) | 0.79 (0.75, 0.83) | 0.82 (0.81, 0.84) |
| Multivariable2 | 1.31 (1.25, 1.37) | 1.08 (1.03, 1.13) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.88 (0.84, 0.92) | 0.76 (0.72, 0.80) | 0.83 (0.82, 0.85) |
| Women ≥50 y old | ||||||
| Age adjusted | 1.47 (1.30, 1.66) | 1.28 (1.16, 1.41) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.99 (0.90, 1.08) | 0.91 (0.83, 1.00) | 0.85 (0.82, 0.89) |
| Multivariable2 | 1.38 (1.23, 1.55) | 1.26 (1.15, 1.38) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) | 0.80 (0.73, 0.88) | 0.83 (0.80, 0.86) |
1
GDQS, Global Diet Quality Score.
2
Adjusted for age, time period, change in smoking, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use (“all women” analysis only), change in sitting, change in physical activity, change in alcohol intake, baseline GDQS, and sleep duration.