TABLE 1.

Comparison of Spearman correlations between metrics (scored using FFQ data) and energy-adjusted nutrients and clinical measurements in rural sub-Saharan African adults¹

			GDQS	GDQS+		GDQS−		PDQS-like metric		MDD-W		AHEI-2010
Outcome	Sex	n	r	r	P-difference	r	P-difference	r	P-difference	r	P-difference	r	P-difference
Calcium	M	1547	−0.04	−0.102	<0.0012	0.172	<0.0012	−0.05	0.44	−0.052	0.46	−0.062	0.31
	F	1624	−0.02	−0.112	<0.0012	0.232	<0.0012	−0.092	<0.0012	−0.05	0.20	−0.052	0.33
Fiber intake	M	1547	0.222	0.302	<0.0012	−0.292	<0.0012	0.192	0.53	0.202	0.44	0.252	0.11
	W	1624	0.252	0.322	<0.0012	−0.252	<0.0012	0.192	0.0082	0.282	0.0412	0.302	0.07
Folate	M	1547	0.132	0.212	<0.0012	−0.282	<0.0012	0.04	<0.0012	0.132	0.87	0.102	0.42
	W	1624	0.242	0.332	<0.0012	−0.292	<0.0012	0.162	<0.0012	0.252	0.53	0.222	0.25
Iron intake	M	1422	0.02	0.05	<0.0012	−0.132	<0.0012	−0.02	0.43	−0.082	<0.0012	−0.082	<0.0012
	W	1410	0.02	0.072	<0.0012	−0.132	<0.0012	−0.01	0.59	−0.05	<0.0012	−0.082	<0.0012
MUFA	M	1547	0.242	0.202	0.0012	0.052	<0.0012	0.152	<0.0012	0.262	0.32	0.292	0.0392
	W	1624	0.282	0.272	0.76	−0.05	<0.0012	0.202	<0.0012	0.332	0.0182	0.322	0.12
Protein	M	1547	0.072	0.02	0.0012	0.082	0.63	−0.062	<0.0012	0.02	0.0202	−0.112	<0.0012
	W	1624	0.142	0.072	<0.0012	0.112	0.59	0.00	<0.0012	0.072	<0.0012	−0.02	<0.0012
PUFAs	M	1547	0.122	0.062	<0.0012	0.132	0.82	0.192	<0.0012	0.112	0.87	0.372	<0.0012
	W	1624	0.122	0.062	<0.0012	0.102	0.58	0.162	0.0142	0.112	0.51	0.292	<0.0012
SFAs	M	1547	0.02	0.092	<0.0012	−0.162	<0.0012	−0.112	<0.0012	0.082	0.0042	−0.132	<0.0012
	W	1624	0.052	0.132	<0.0012	−0.192	<0.0012	−0.02	<0.0012	0.092	0.09	−0.112	<0.0012
Vitamin A	M	1547	0.102	0.212	<0.0012	−0.282	<0.0012	0.222	<0.0012	0.222	<0.0012	0.212	<0.0012
	W	1624	0.152	0.262	<0.0012	−0.322	<0.0012	0.272	<0.0012	0.252	<0.0012	0.202	0.07
Vitamin B-12	M	1547	−0.03	−0.04	0.68	0.04	0.0302	0.00	0.07	−0.01	0.17	−0.04	0.84
	W	1624	0.092	0.112	0.09	−0.05	<0.0012	0.102	0.54	0.122	0.15	0.03	0.0292
Zinc	M	1547	−0.02	−0.122	<0.0012	0.202	<0.0012	−0.122	<0.0012	−0.152	<0.0012	−0.272	<0.0012
	W	1624	−0.112	−0.222	<0.0012	0.282	<0.0012	−0.212	<0.0012	−0.202	<0.0012	−0.252	<0.0012
ONA	M	1547	0.342	0.382	<0.0012	−0.152	<0.0012	0.252	<0.0012	0.372	0.13	0.282	0.0392
	W	1624	0.372	0.392	0.0412	−0.122	<0.0012	0.312	<0.0012	0.372	0.94	0.342	0.46
BMI	M	360	0.00	0.05	0.06	−0.152	0.05	−0.01	0.81	0.112	0.0032	0.03	0.27
	W	451	−0.02	0.02	0.0352	−0.112	0.17	0.00	0.46	0.03	0.11	0.02	0.42
MUAC	M	402	0.182	0.252	0.05	−0.152	<0.0012	0.222	0.38	0.172	0.67	0.132	0.46
	W	517	0.202	0.302	<0.0012	−0.292	<0.0012	0.222	0.21	0.232	0.26	0.122	0.17
Hemoglobin	M	495	0.142	0.192	0.0132	−0.152	<0.0012	0.242	<0.0012	0.252	<0.0012	0.152	0.95
	W	554	0.132	0.172	0.0382	−0.122	<0.0012	0.192	0.0062	0.162	0.63	0.122	0.92

¹AHEI-2010, Alternative Healthy Eating Index–2010; GDQS, Global Diet Quality Score; GDQS−, GDQS negative submetric; GDQS+, GDQS positive submetric; M, men; MDD-W, Minimum Dietary Diversity–Women; MUAC, midupper arm circumference; ONA, energy-adjusted continuous measure of overall nutrient adequacy (number of adequate nutrients out of 8); PDQS, Prime Diet Quality Score; W, women.

²Indicates statistically significant (P < 0.05) correlations (r) and Wolfe tests comparing metric-outcome correlations for the GDQS compared with other metrics (P-difference). Correlations for iron exclude participants from Ethiopia.