Table 4. Factors associated with iron and folic acid consumption at follow-up: multivariable regression analyses, Odisha, India, September 2019–February 2020.
| Independent variable | r (P)a | Variables up to the given model included |
All main-effect variables included |
Difference in R2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (SE)b | P | β (SE)c | P | ||||
| Model 1: Baseline iron and folic acid consumption | 0.11 (< 0.001) | 0.06 (0.03) | < 0.001 | 0.12 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.004 (< 0.001) | |
| Model 2: Demographic and anthropometric characteristics | 0.096 (< 0.001) | ||||||
| Baseline body mass index | −0.07 (< 0.001) | −0.06 (0.01) | < 0.001 | −0.07 (0.01) | < 0.001 | ||
| Number of children | −0.02 (NS) | 0.02 (0.04) | NS | 0.01 (0.03) | NS | ||
| Pregnant at time of data collection | 0.33 (< 0.001) | 0.30 (0.20) | < 0.001 | 0.33 (0.19) | < 0.001 | ||
| Education | −0.01 (NS) | −0.03 (0.01) | NS | −0.03 (0.01) | NS | ||
| Scheduled tribal or caste member | 0.05 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.08) | NS | 0.02 (0.08) | NS | ||
| Model 3: Intervention effect (intervention)b | 0.25 (< 0.001) | 0.28 (0.07) | < 0.001 | 0.08 (0.11) | < 0.001 | 0.076 (< 0.001) | |
| Model 4: Iron and folic acid consumption × change in:c | 0.024 (< 0.001) | ||||||
| Descriptive norms | 0.18 (< 0.001) | 0.05 (0.05) | < 0.01 | 0.05 (0.05) | < 0.01 | ||
| Injunctive norms | 0.15 (< 0.001) | 0.03 (0.04) | NS | 0.04 (0.04) | < 0.05 | ||
| Collective norms | 0.29 (< 0.001) | 0.19 (0.05) | < 0.001 | 0.20 (0.05) | < 0.001 | ||
| Model 5A: Intervention × change in descriptive normsd | 0.22 (< 0.001) | 0.07 (0.09) | < 0.05 | 0.06 (0.09) | < 0.05 | 0.001 ( < 0.05) | |
| Model 5B: Intervention × change in injunctive normsd | 0.20 (< 0.001) | 0.05 (0.08) | NS | 0.04 (0.08) | NS | 0.001 (NS) | |
| Model 5C: Intervention × change in collective normsd | 0.30 (< 0.001) | 0.24 (0.16) | < 0.001 | 0.22 (0.16) | < 0.001 | 0.003 (< 0.001) | |
| Total R2 | 0.204 (< 0.001) | ||||||
β: standardized regression coefficient; NS: not significant; r: Pearson correlation coefficient; R2: explained variance; SE: standard error.
a Pearson correlation between the independent variable and outcome (follow-up iron and folic acid consumption).
b Assignment to intervention (coded as 1) or control (0).
c Improvement in norms from baseline to follow-up (computed as the difference).
d To avoid multicollinearity, only one interaction term was included in the equation for any given model.
Note: For all variables, higher scores signify greater iron and folic acid consumption (and supportive norms for this consumption).