Loss of negative regulation of Cdc42 increases the incidence of the PrESS phenotype. (A,B) PrESS phenotype in wild-type, scd1Δ (n.s.) and gef1Δ (P=0.015) cells (ordinary one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's multiple comparisons test; n.s., not significant). Asterisks denote PrESS cells. Repeated in triplicate, n≥350 cells per experiment. (C,D) PrESS phenotype in wild-type and rga4Δ cells (two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test; P=0.033). Repeated in triplicate, n≥350 cells per experiment. Scale bars: 5 μm.