Table 3.

Adjusted risk of severe maternal morbidity among patients with epilepsy compared to patients without epilepsy in California, 2007–2012 (N=2,668,442).

Exposure group	N (row %)	Model 1 Crude OR (95% CI)	Model 2* Adjusted OR (95% CI)	Model 3† Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Patients without epilepsy (N=2,660,297)	37,960 (1.4)	Reference	Reference	Reference
All patients with epilepsy‡ (N=8,145)	350 (4.3)	3.10 (2.79–3.45)	2.91 (2.61–3.24)	2.13 (1.90–2.39)
Generalized epilepsy (N=637)	49 (7.7)	5.76 (4.30–7.71)	5.32 (3.97–7.14)	3.81 (2.79–5.21)
Focal epilepsy and other less specified epilepsies (N=6,250)	241 (3.9)	2.77 (2.44–3.15)	2.61 (2.29–2.97)	2.01 (1.75–2.30)
Unspecified epilepsy complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium (N=284)	14 (4.9)	3.58 (2.09–6.13)	3.23 (1.88–5.54)	2.31 (1.30–4.11)
Convulsions only (N=974)	46 (4.7)	3.43 (2.55–4.61)	3.20 (2.38–4.31)	1.80 (1.30–2.49)

^*Model 2 adjusted for maternal age, race or ethnicity as a social determinant, method of payment, education level, trimester of prenatal care initiation, and parity.

^†Model 3 additionally adjusted for validated obstetric comorbidity score. See text for details.

^‡Refer to text for details regarding categorization of epilepsy subtypes.