Table 4.
Descriptive results for groups and group comparisons of teacher perceptions of teaching and learning methods.
| Mostly synchronous | Mostly asynchronous | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | n | M | SD | n | M | SD | ANOVA |
| Lectures or student presentations via videoconferencing | 147 | 3.18 | 1.05 | 75 | 1.96 | 0.83 | F(2, 269)=89.34, p =0.00, η2 =0.40 |
| Recorded lectures or student presentations | 146 | 1.70 | 0.95 | 75 | 3.03 | 1.10 | F(2, 272)=47.81, p =0.00, η2 =0.26 |
| Discussions via chat tools or breakout rooms | 146 | 3.07 | 1.02 | 74 | 2.19 | 0.84 | F(2, 267)=65.92, p =0.00, η2 =0.33 |
| Discussions via forums | 145 | 1.74 | 0.91 | 75 | 2.79 | 1.00 | F(2, 269)=34.33, p =0.00, η2 =0.20 |
| Self-tests or self-assessments via LMS | 146 | 1.93 | 0.98 | 75 | 1.99 | 1.05 | F(2, 271)=0.79, p =0.46, η2 =0.01 |
| Practical work/labs | 143 | 2.06 | 1.07 | 75 | 2.25 | 1.02 | F(2, 268)=1.34, p =0.26, η2 =0.01 |
| Group work | 141 | 1.69 | 1.03 | 73 | 1.38 | 0.86 | F(2, 262)=2.66, p =0.07, η2 =0.02 |
| Teacher feedback to students | 147 | 2.85 | 0.92 | 72 | 2.79 | 0.90 | F(2, 269)=0.13, p =0.88, η2 =0.00 |
| Peer feedback | 145 | 1.99 | 1.00 | 74 | 2.07 | 1.04 | F(2, 264)=0.13, p =0.88, η2 =0.00 |
| Student feedback to the teacher | 141 | 2.58 | 0.94 | 73 | 2.56 | 0.76 | F(2, 263)=2.41, p =0.09, η2 =0.02 |
| (online) Office hours | 145 | 2.60 | 1.02 | 73 | 2.62 | 0.86 | F(2, 268)=6.28, p =0.00 η2 =0.05 |