Table 2.
Biomarker Association With Primary Outcome and Model Performance
| Urinary Biomarker | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) |
Model Performance of Biomarkers: C-Indexc | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1a | Model 2b | ||
| Individual biomarkers | |||
| EGF (pg/mL) | 0.51 (0.39-0.67) | 0.61 (0.47-0.79) | 0.75 |
| YKL-40 (pg/mL) | 1.35 (1.19-1.53) | 1.18 (1.04-1.34) | 0.71 |
| Albumin (mg/dL) | 1.21 (1.02-1.43) | 1.26 (0.99-1.60) | 0.62 |
| NGAL (ng/mL) | 1.59 (1.37-1.84) | 1.34 (1.14-1.57) | 0.80 |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 2.01 (1.58-2.56) | 1.42 (1.09-1.84) | 0.81 |
| KIM-1 (ng/mL) | 2.58 (1.84-3.61) | 2.03 (1.38-2.99) | 0.81 |
| Biomarker combinations | |||
| NGAL + albumin | 0.77 | ||
| MCP-1 + NGAL | 0.78 | ||
| EGF + albumin | 0.77 | ||
| EGF + NGAL | 0.84 | ||
| MCP-1 + EGF | 0.85 | ||
Primary outcome is a composite of KDIGO stage 3 AKI, short-term dialysis requirement, or death within 60 days of hospital discharge.
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; EGF, epidermal growth factor; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule 1; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; YKL-40, chitinase-3-like protein 1.
a
Model 1: Indexed to urine creatinine.
b
Model 2: Adjusted for World Health Organization disease severity scale.
c
Time-varying biomarkers used to determine concordance index (C-index).