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. 2021 Oct 11;9:727370. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.727370

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Copyright © 2021 Wang, Wang, Wang, Zhou and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Monensin stimulates exosome release by a calcium-dependent mechanism. (A) Podocytes were loaded with Fluo-3AM, and intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration was measured. Shown are changes in Ca²⁺ concentration elicited by 7 μM MON. Data are representative of at least three independent experiments. (B) Podocytes were incubated for 7 h in the presence of 1.5 mM EGTA, 30 μM BAPTA-AM, 7 μM MON, or the combination of 1.5 mM EGTA/7 μM MON (MON + EGTA) or 30 μM BAPTA-AM/7 μM MON (MON + BAPTA-AM). The secreted exosomes were collected and quantitated by measuring the AChE activity. ^∗ significantly different from the control, P < 0.05. # significantly different from the MON-treated cells, P < 0.05.