Table 1.
ANOVAs for caregiver items by delivery mode: F- and p-values, means, standard deviations, and effect sizes.
| Survey question: | F- value (p-value) | M (SD) | Cohen's d | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual | In-person | Hybrid | Virtual vs. in-person | Virtual vs. Hybrid | ||
| GOTR has been a valuable experience for my girl. | *19.73 (p < 0.001) | 4.48 (0.77) | 4.73 (0.61) | 4.68 (0.63) | 0.33 | 0.26 |
| GOTR helped my girl gain skills that are helping her handle the stress associated with the pandemic. | 4.80 (p = 0.008) | 4.24 (0.83) | 4.38 (0.73) | 4.37 (0.77) | — | — |
| GOTR has led to at least one conversation with my girl about an important topic. | 0.78 (p = 0.46) | 4.23 (0.89) | 4.27 (0.83) | 4.31 (0.81) | — | — |
| Because of participating in GOTR, my child is more confident. | *9.54 (p < 0.001) | 4.07 (0.87) | 4.28 (0.75) | 4.25 (0.77) | 0.24 | 0.21 |
| The COVID-19 precautions in place gave me confidence that GOTR was striving to create a safe experience for my girl. | 1.15 (p = 0.28) | — | 4.56 (0.85) | 4.51 (0.81) | — | — |
| How satisfied were you with the end-of-season event? | *34.09 (p < 0.001) | 4.02 (1.11) | 4.54 (0.97) | 4.43 (1.02) | 0.47 | 0.37 |
| Before vs. after GOTR — My girl feels lonely. | 4.65 (p = 0.01) | −0.49 (0.99) | −0.69 (1.05) | −0.63 (1.06) | — | — |
| Before vs. after GOTR — I would describe my girl as confident. | 0.22 (p = 0.80) | 0.51 (0.84) | 0.54 (0.77) | 0.54 (0.74) | — | — |
| Before vs. after GOTR — My girl is physically active. | 1.56 (p = 0.21) | 0.66 (0.93) | 0.76 (0.94) | 0.70 (1.01) | — | — |
All responses were on a 1–5 scale. A p-value of <0.006 was deemed a significant effect, based on a Bonferroni adjustment (0.05/9 items).
*
Denotes significant effect. Cohen's d was calculated for statistically significant differences. No statistically significant differences emerged for In-Person vs. Hybrid delivery modes. Change score indicates “after minus before”, thus caregivers in all three delivery modes reported their girls decreased in loneliness and increased in confidence and physical activity.