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. 2021 Oct 11;12:754032. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.754032

Table 1.

Abnormal D-serine function in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Serine
racemase
expression 		D-serine
levels 		NMDARs Cognitive
changes
Normal Aging graphic file with name fpsyt-12-754032-i0001.jpg graphic file with name fpsyt-12-754032-i0001.jpg Down-regulation, leading to reduced LTP and impaired synaptic plasticity Variable learning and memory deficits
AD graphic file with name fpsyt-12-754032-i0002.jpg graphic file with name fpsyt-12-754032-i0002.jpg Over-stimulation, interactions with activated microglia and Aβ, increased release of glutamate, excitotoxicity Dementia

Inline graphic = decrease; Inline graphic = increase; AD, Alzheimer's disease; NMDARs, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors; LTP, long-term potentiation; Aβ, β-amyloid. [adapted from Billard (11)].