Table 1.
Heat adaptation options, evaluations indices, and effects35
| Adaptation option | Evaluation index | Main climate effect |
|---|---|---|
| Green shade and solar transmittance | Evaporative efficiency, sun shade | Evaporative cooling |
| Solar radiation shade and transmittance | Convection heat transfer coefficient | Sun shade, convective heat transfer |
| Retroreflective surface | Downward solar reflectance | Solar reflection |
| Water retentive pavement | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Cool pavement | Solar reflectance | Solar reflection |
| Green pavement | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Green wall | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Water retentive wall | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Fine mist spray | Evaporation rate | Evaporative cooling |
| Awning | Solar transmittance | Sun shade |
| Fractal shaped sunshade | Solar transmittance, convection heat transfer coefficient | Sun shade, convection heat transfer |
| Mesh shade and water supply | Solar transmittance, evaporative efficiency, | Sun shade, evaporative cooling |
| Evaporative cooling louvre | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Greening cooling louvre | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Tree pot | Solar transmittance, evaporative efficiency | Sun shade, evaporative cooling |
| Water retentive block | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Water surface | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Fine mist spray with blower | Evaporation rate | Evaporative cooling |
| Ceiling cooling system | Surface temperature | Artificial cooling |
| Water cooling bench | Surface temperature | Artificial cooling |
| Water surface | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Watering | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Fine mist spray | Evaporation rate | Evaporative cooling |
| Shading | Solar transmittance | Sun shade |
| Tree planting | Solar transmittance, evaporative efficiency | Sun shade, evaporative cooling |
| Roof and ground greening | Evaporative efficiency | Evaporative cooling |
| Wind and ventilation | Convection heat transfer coefficient | Convective heat transfer |
| Traffic mode control | Anthropogenic heat release | Reduction of anthropogenic heat release |
| Unused energy use and natural energy use | Anthropogenic heat release | Reduction of anthropogenic heat release |
| Information and communication technology use | Human body physiological amount | Reduction of human thermal load |